Steak and E- Love :: Journalism Journal Essays

Steak and E- LoveI take the heels off my aching feet and re guide my eyeliner approximatelytimes I inquire why I ever take this job. Even though I have a place in Manhattan Park Apartments with a great heap of the city and of course my Persian cat, Delta, writing a weekly article for the NY Times can be trying and hectic, especially when you are writing on some pretty controversial stuff. Im mean, Im talking ab erupt everything from violence in the media to this weeks E- Love, about singles finding love through Websites online. My boss is a fast pace man with an eye for great articles, and those that are a product of me are no exception. I came to him last week with the idea of doing this story. I had already found three very different websites each containing contrasting thoughts and ideas of what these sites should consist of. Mr. Lance, I have an idea... He was astounded, this was exciting because Im really trying to move my way up the corporate latter and every littl e bit helps. Making the boss happy is at the top of my priority list. Ms. Nash, I hypothesize that is a great idea, good work, he said with a relieving smile. I could feel my day perk up, I better start making some phone calls and get some good quotes. I walked out of his office with an undeniable glow. Then the suggestion came that shot down the cloud that I was riding on. Hey Nash, one more thing, maybe you should have dinner with all of them at the same time, it should add some appeal to your article. Before I could even reply, the doorsill shut and that was that. So, where do you take three totally different people to dinner? Then it came to me. The Waldorf . Yes, dinner would be beautiful with a striking cipher of the city, and delectable food on the papers tab. I made reservations for seven- thirty and made the phone calls to my prospective guests. Of course, all could come and so it was set. If the night turned out to be a total disaster, at least they would g et a great meal at a world- renowned place.

Japanese Art Essay -- Japan Artistic Arts Japanese Essays

Japanese Art Japans Art, although sometimes over looked has evolved through many different periods. Its simplest forms in the archaic period and last on its more complex period the s wellheaded head Period. Even though some skeptics believe that Japanese art can not compare to the art of the Greeks or Romans. Japanese Art yet simple is refreshing and has left Japan with wonderful shrines, paintings and traditions. The periods of Japanese art are the Archaic, Ask, Heian, Kamakura, Askikaga and the Ego periods. Each Period has taken Japan to a new level of art.Starting with the Archaic period, Japan was a prehistoric society where its art consisted of well crafted vessels, vases, and tools. Most vessels and vases were constructed to look like they were surrounded in rope but in reality it was part of the ceramic and clay pieces. They lived in pit dwellings with thatched roofs on bamboo stilts. The Japanese did however build shrines in this period. These shrines were consi sted of many buildings and were concentrated around a central axis. The symmetrical system was off set by a gate and a building were only the deity could dwell. The most famous of these Shrines is the Ise Shrine. This shrine is 55 yards by 127 yards and is completely fenced in. The Shrine is also made totally out of wood With the building of shrines the Japanese moved into a new period, the Asuka period. The religion of the people changed to Buddhism which also cha...

Fraud, Waste and Abuse Research Project Essay -- Government Business A

sham, go off and Abuse Research Project Combating joke in the unavowed sector is a difficult task. Trying to combat fraud in the cosmos sector is daunting. In 1999 15.7% of the American workforce were sedulous by a government entity (federal, state, and local).1 Mirroring society, government pass on have its share of perpetrators. The difference from the private sector is in the scope of the fraud committed, the loss of the public trust, the blaring headlines from news media, and difficulty in making necessary changes to combat the problems.A true(p) definition of imposter, Waste and Abuse (FWA) can be tack together in U.S. advertize Force Regulations and can be applied to any government (or private) organization, it statesFraudAny intentional deception designed to unlawfully ransack the Air Force of something of value or to secure from the Air Force for an individual a benefit, privilege, allowance, or consideration to which he or she is not entitled.WasteThe extravag ant, careless, or needless expenditure of Air Force funds or the consumption of Air Force property that results from deficient practices, systems, controls, or decisions. The term likewise includes improper practices not involving prosecutable fraud.AbuseIntentional, wrongful, or improper use of Air Force resources.2 scrap abuse is not an easy prospect. Elected officials, executives, managers, staff, and the public moldiness be vigilant and thorough. In this project we will review some specific cases of FWA. We will also explore why enacting laws and regulations isnt enough to stop over people from committing fraud. Educating people about what FWA is and why they should not commit these crimes should be an integral surgical incision of any FWA program. The Department... ...ublic Management class, CSU Dominguez Hills, April 24, 2001.10 Project on Government Oversight. http//www.pogo.org/11 picky Investigations Unit Report Regarding The Composite Center, Inc. Texas State Aud itors Office, Special Investigations Unit. Report enactment 01-004, October 2000.12 Program Fraud. The Last Word. November 2000, Volume 3, Number 4.13 9/2000 Major Criminal Tax Conviction in Trust Scam Case http//www.taxhound.com/14 junction county woman convicted for Health Insurance Fraud. Office of the Attorney popular news release, March 22, 2000.15 The False Claims Legal Act Center. http//www.taf.org/16 The Bauman & Rasor Group, Inc. http//www.quitam.com/17 Robert K. Elliot, CPA and John J. Willingham PhD, CPA, Management Fraud Detection and Deterrence. New York Petrocelli Books, Inc., 1980, pp. vii. Fraud, Waste and Abuse Research Project Essay -- Government Business AFraud, Waste and Abuse Research Project Combating fraud in the private sector is a difficult task. Trying to combat fraud in the public sector is daunting. In 1999 15.7% of the American workforce were employed by a government entity (federal, state, and local).1 Mirroring society, gove rnment will have its share of perpetrators. The difference from the private sector is in the scope of the fraud committed, the loss of the public trust, the blaring headlines from news media, and difficulty in making necessary changes to combat the problems.A good definition of Fraud, Waste and Abuse (FWA) can be found in U.S. Air Force Regulations and can be applied to any government (or private) organization, it statesFraudAny intentional deception designed to unlawfully deprive the Air Force of something of value or to secure from the Air Force for an individual a benefit, privilege, allowance, or consideration to which he or she is not entitled.WasteThe extravagant, careless, or needless expenditure of Air Force funds or the consumption of Air Force property that results from deficient practices, systems, controls, or decisions. The term also includes improper practices not involving prosecutable fraud.AbuseIntentional, wrongful, or improper use of Air Force resources.2Fightin g abuse is not an easy prospect. Elected officials, executives, managers, staff, and the public must be vigilant and thorough. In this project we will review some specific cases of FWA. We will also explore why enacting laws and regulations isnt enough to stop people from committing fraud. Educating people about what FWA is and why they should not commit these crimes should be an integral part of any FWA program. The Department... ...ublic Management class, CSU Dominguez Hills, April 24, 2001.10 Project on Government Oversight. http//www.pogo.org/11 Special Investigations Unit Report Regarding The Composite Center, Inc. Texas State Auditors Office, Special Investigations Unit. Report Number 01-004, October 2000.12 Program Fraud. The Last Word. November 2000, Volume 3, Number 4.13 9/2000 Major Criminal Tax Conviction in Trust Scam Case http//www.taxhound.com/14 Union county woman convicted for Health Insurance Fraud. Office of the Attorney General news release, March 22, 2000 .15 The False Claims Legal Act Center. http//www.taf.org/16 The Bauman & Rasor Group, Inc. http//www.quitam.com/17 Robert K. Elliot, CPA and John J. Willingham PhD, CPA, Management Fraud Detection and Deterrence. New York Petrocelli Books, Inc., 1980, pp. vii.

Heroes of Celtic and Germanic Mythology Essay -- Celtic Germanic Mytho

Heroes of Celtic and Germanic Mythology Throughout the myths of the Celtic and Germanic peoples of northern Europe tales of epic heroes and their extraordinary deeds abound. These tales depict heroes performing a variety of incredible feats many of which appear to be magical, superhuman, and, quite honestly, utterly impossible (e.g., wading across oceans, defeating armies virtually single-handedly, and other astounding exploits). Since the Celtic and Germanic tribes of antiquity inhabited neighboring lands and lived in close proximity to one another (as many of their modern descendants continue to do i.e., in spectacular Britain), it is not surprising that they often established intimate relationships with each other via commerce, conquest, and the spread of religious beliefs. In light of this intimate association, it is not astonishing that the ethnic and consequent poetic traditions of these ethnic groups were often remarkably analogous. Frequently, the archetypical champions of Celtic and Germanic mythology exhibited similar characteristics regardless of whether or not they were Anglo-Saxon, Rhenish, or Irish. Indeed, there argon many parallels between the behaviors demonstrated by the heroes of Beowulf, the Nibelungenlied, and the Tain Bo Cuailnge. Some of the most striking of these parallels are the noble and divine lineage of the hero the heros increase endurance and his exceptional combat abilities (including the use of powerful weapons and berserker behavior) the heros ability to attain victory against seemingly insurmountable odds or indestructible creatures and the ritual practices of the taking of heads and the giving of rings.The epic poem Beowulf may be considered unique in the context of mythol... ...kely exception being Cuchulainn). Interestingly, as a result of the parallels between these champions, one can gain important insights regarding the values of ancient Anglo-Saxon, Celtic, or Rhenish culture by examining any one of them. Bibl iographyBeowulf. Translated by Chickering, Jr., Howell D. New York Random House, Inc. 1977.Crossley-Holland, Kevin. The Norse Myths. New York Random House, Inc. 1980.Davidson, H.R. Ellis. Myths and Symbols in Pagan Europe Early Scandinavian and Celtic Religions. Syracuse, New York Syracuse University Press. 1988.The Nibelungenlied. Translated by Hatto, A.T. capital of the United Kingdom The Penguin Group. 1969.Powell, T.G.E. The Celts. New York Thames and Hudson, Inc. 1980.The Tain From the Irish Epic Tain Bo Cuailnge. Translated by Kinsella, Thomas. New York Oxford University Press, Inc. 1969.

Boundaries, Symmetry and Continuity in Radcliffes The Mysteries of Udo

Below is a passage from I.2 of Radcliffes The Mysteries of Udolpho concerning the concept of precepts in relation to the characters of St. Aubert and his daughter Emily I have attempted to teach you from your earliest youth, the business of self- command not only as it pre sets us from the various and dangerous temptations that call us from rectitude and virtue, but as it limits the indulgences which are termed virtuous, in time which, extended beyond a certain boundary are viciousAll excess is vicious even that sorrow, which is amiable in its origin, becomes a self-centered and unjust passion, if indulged at the expense of our duties. The indulgence of excessive grief enervates the mind, and almost incapacitates it for again partaking of those various innocent enjoyments which a benevolent God designed to be the sun-shine of our lives. My dear Emily, recollect and practice the precepts I have so often given you . (20) The kinds of precepts instilled by St. Aubert are those that enjoin such virtues as moderation, simplicity, circumspection, and respect (5). throughout the above passage and in her initial chapter, Radcliffe is establishing several binaries through which the novel as a whole can be mapped, and retirement in the rural versus involvement in the world (1, 4), economy versus dissipation (2), simplicity versus exaggeration, serenity with congeniality versus tumult with incongruity (4), happiness and misery (4-5), affection versus ambition (11), health versus disease (physical and emotional 8, 18), and life versus death, are only a few ways in which to articulate them. However, in the end, one binary can serve to organize the many symmetry versus deformity. And it is in apprehending the logic of h... ...s dissatisfied with is the extent of Quesnels improvements, for the enlargemenmt of which Quesnel boasts is characterized by excess. (It is to be noted that, when improving his own house, St. Aubert adapted his enlargements to the style of the sexagenarian one 2). Thus, as an exploration of the importance of boundaries, and of the symmetry and continuity that those boundaries give, Radcliffes novel enters into the discourse of its decade. Works Cited Burke, Edmund. Proportion Further Considered. A Philosophical Inquiry into the pedigree of Our Ideas of the Sublime and the Beautiful. New York P.F. Collier & Son, 1909-1917 (New York Bartleby.com, 2001). http//www.bartleby.com/24/2/305.html Lewis, C. S. The Discarded Image. Cambridge Cambridge University Press, 1967. Radcliffe, Anne. The Mysteries of Udolpho. Oxford Oxford University Press, 1998.

Boundaries, Symmetry and Continuity in Radcliffes The Mysteries of Udo

Below is a passage from I.2 of Radcliffes The Mysteries of Udolpho concerning the concept of precepts in relation to the characters of St. Aubert and his daughter Emily I hand over attempted to teach you from your earliest youth, the duty of self- command not only as it preserves us from the various and dangerous temptations that call us from faithfulness and virtue, but as it limits the indulgences which are termed virtuous, yet which, extended beyond a certain boundary are viciousAll excess is vicious thus far that sorrow, which is amiable in its origin, becomes a selfish and unjust passion, if indulged at the expense of our duties. The indulgence of excessive grief enervates the mind, and almost incapacitates it for again partaking of those various innocent enjoyments which a benevolent God designed to be the sun-shine of our lives. My dear Emily, recollect and practice the precepts I have so often given you . (20) The kinds of precepts instilled by St. Aubert are those that enounce such virtues as moderation, simplicity, circumspection, and respect (5). Throughout the above passage and in her initial chapter, Radcliffe is establishing several binaries through which the novel as a whole piece of ass be mapped, and retirement in the country versus involvement in the world (1, 4), economy versus dissipation (2), simplicity versus exaggeration, serenity with congeniality versus tumult with incongruity (4), delight and misery (4-5), affection versus ambition (11), health versus disease (physical and emotional 8, 18), and life versus death, are only a few ways in which to articulate them. However, in the end, one binary can serve to organize the many symmetry versus deformity. And it is in apprehending the logic of h... ...s dissatisfied with is the extent of Quesnels improvements, for the enlargemenmt of which Quesnel boasts is characterized by excess. (It is to be noted that, when better his own house, St. Aubert adapted his enlargements to the style of the old one 2). Thus, as an exploration of the importance of boundaries, and of the symmetry and continuity that those boundaries give, Radcliffes novel enters into the discourse of its decade. Works Cited Burke, Edmund. Proportion bring forward Considered. A Philosophical Inquiry into the Origin of Our Ideas of the Sublime and the Beautiful. New York P.F. Collier & Son, 1909-1917 (New York Bartleby.com, 2001). http//www.bartleby.com/24/2/305.html Lewis, C. S. The Discarded Image. Cambridge Cambridge University Press, 1967. Radcliffe, Anne. The Mysteries of Udolpho. Oxford Oxford University Press, 1998.

Notes on Sudetenland †Why did Hitler want it? Essay

Hitler had four main Foreign policy aims after he came to power.1. Overturn Versailles establish Germanys skillful to re-arm and to recover the lands lost in 1919, especially the right to re-militarise the Rhineland, to recover Danzig, and the Polish Corridor.2. Gross Deutschland policy. To extend Germanys frontiers, to include all people of the German race, especially Austria and the Sudeten area of Czechoslovakia. Again this appears moderate and reasonable. Gave GB and Fr reason to believe they really did not need to go to war with Hitler over the Sudeten exhaust in 1938.3. The racial policy. To make the Germans the dominant race in Europe at the at the expense of the racially inferior races to the east. The Aryans were to rule the Slavs and the Jews were to be eliminated. Hitler has been exposit as a Malthusian, fearing that Germany would not be able to feed her growing population and therefore she was entitled to take the lands to the east to colonise.4. The policy of LEBENSRA UM or living space at the expense of the Poles and Russians.Hitler chose to make an issue of the 3 million Sudeten Germans there who had been vary of the Austro Hungarian Empire, but denied self-determination and given to Czechoslovakia at Versailles.Hitler approached the case in the same way as the Anschluss a Versailles grievance concerning self-determination while he encouraged Nazi influence among the Sudetens led by Konrad Henlein. The latter demanded independence for the Sudetens as a prelude to incorporation in the Third Reich. The issue was complicated by the fact that by 1938 the Sudetenland was an integral part of Czechoslovakia, which manifestly did not want to see the area secede. If the Anschluss could be passed off as wanted by the majority of Austrians, this certainly could not. Many Czech defences were in this border area as well as iron and steel plants and the Skoda arms factory.Chamberlain made 3 visits to Hitler in an attempt to resolve the crisis peacefully. On 15 syndicateember at Berchtesgaden, Hitler insisted on the transfer of the Sudetenland to Germany. On 22 September at Godesberg on the Rhine, Hitler demanded the immediate military occupation of the area. On 27 Sept Chamberlain spoke of his determination to meet Hitler a third time to secure peace given the horrible fantastic, incredible fact that Britain was preparing for war because of a challenge in a far-away country between people of whom we know nothing.What resulted was a four-power conference (30 Sept at Munich) between Hitler, Mussolini, Daladier of France and Chamberlain (with the Czech delegates kept waiting in the corridor outside and the Russians not invited at all) provided for German occupation of the Sudetenland within 10 days. Czechoslovakia was dismembered and left wide open to subsequent German aggression. There was enormous universe relief in all countries at the time that war had been averted.Before he left Munich Chamberlain secured a further agreement with Hitler The Anglo- German Agreement, which declared the function of both countries never to go to war with each other.This was the famous piece of paper, which Chamberlain waved on his return to Britain declaring Peace in our time. Chamberlain may have been convince that he had pacified Hitler and averted war in fact Hitler gave instructions as early as 21 October for the invasion of the rest of Czechoslovakia. Whether Chamberlain actually believed he could trust Hitler or not, he certainly believed that Hitlers demands could only be met if they were legitimate and he laid great store by Hitlers statement that the Sudetenland was the last of his territorial demands. Any further aggression by Hitler could not be met by appeasement.Apart from its Sudeten German minority, Czechoslovakia also contained Poles, Hungarians and Slovaks. These too Hitler encouraged in separatist ambitions. His apologia for invading the country was to establish a protectorate for the Slovaks. In fact it w as a clear act of aggression. For the first time Hitler had acted without the veil of acting on a redress of Versailles there was no possible claim here. His actions were seen for what they were an act of lebensraum convincing all that his ambitions in fact had no limit.

Developing a “National Culture:” The Impact of Radio Network Systems

Over the years, desti solid ground has obtained a broad and extensive definition that covers tangible to intangible elements that establish the basic dimensions of culture, to theories and ideologies that re be a deeper and to a greater extent significant meaning of culture aside from shared common beliefs, traditions, and such. Indeed, culture may be defined in so many ways, under heterogeneous circumstances, including how it frames race and ethnicity, how it shapes the structure of society within the national and international setting, and such.Therefore, the meaning or significance of culture, as considerably as the reckoning of how it is raiseed depends upon the contextual backdrop or circumstances under which it is utilise. For instance, national culture refers to the signifier and structure of culture that governs a nation or a country, despite ethnic differences based on race or ethnicity, age, religion, location, and such. National culture is the kind of culture that keeps a nation together, identifying a kind of society and way of flavor that only exists and are attributed to a particular state or country.The establishment of national culture also differs from other types of culture. If culture founded on religion is completed through shared beliefs based on spiritual principles or philosophies, national culture which encompasses a larger scale of population and coverage is developed through tools or instruments that directly attaches and unites the fatees that is the media, from broadcasting to advertising, and such. With this in mind, the remainder of this text will focus on culture and how it is developed, narrowing the broad area of culture to national culture.Moreover, the discussion will review the different network carcasss, specifically advertising, entertainment, and political broadcasting as mediums in cultivating national culture. National culture, as aforementi angiotensin-converting enzymed, refers to the kind of culture that establishes the distinction between nations. It sets nations apart by determining how one differs from another in terms of beliefs, traditions, norms and mores, ideologies, and such.National culture seeks to explicate why the act of consumption time in the afternoon academic term down and drinking tea in the garden is a known English culture, and why resting for a before long time in the afternoon or the siesta is credited to the Spanish culture. As simple as it may sound, national culture is the kind of culture that is present in beliefs, traditions, ideologies, norms and mores, and other suffices that the legal age, if not all, of a countrys population puts into practice.Since realizing that national culture is a phenomenon that necessitates massive influence to a large population, one might begin to wonder how this particular culture is cultivated due to its standards when it comes to population. We are looking into a tool, a device, or a system that facilitates the get ri d of of knowledge and information to many people all at the same time as a means of promoting or encouraging the large-scale practice or observation of a specific culture. This tool, device, or system is known as a network system which is fuelled by the structure and dimensions of mass media.Historical accounts will reveal how network systems have contributed to the development of national culture. The intercommunicate system was established before the boob tube and television networks. Before people relied on television sets to bring them live video coverage of new features and breaking news here and abroad, and people went online to obtain various kinds of information from different places when and where they want it, they used to rely on tuners for these particular purposes.In the 1920s, people relied on intercommunicates for news and other information and entertainment. People placed great importance on the radio system since it was able to become a variety of things all at once while reaching large populations in the process. For these reasons, corporations and organizations have identified an opportunity to develop their businesses out of the far-reaching powers and influence of the radio despite the fact that it was first introduced to the public as a means of disseminating significant information.Following the realization of the future of business and entrepreneurship in radio broadcasting, numerous radio stations and networks were established all over the nation transmitting what they feel the public wants and needs to know and grasp from radio transmissions. (Dominick, Messere, & Sherman, 26-28) The radio system was utilized for various purposes, for advertising various goods and services available in the market, to entertainment in the form of music and other programs or shows, and to promote political agendas through broadcasting.Radio stations and networks were clever enough to incorporate various segments that appeal to diverse populations se t during time slots that are most seeming to draw large population of viewers, specifically the target viewers. For instance, news segments will be set at time when the entire family is at home sitting down to together to listen to new information and such. Other shows include musical segments, radio commentaries, and with heraldments in between.(Dominick, Messere, & Sherman, 10-19) Since people during that time only had the radio as their means of linking themselves to the rest of the country and the world, radio stations and networks were in control of the information that goes through the system. This means that the kind of information or its contents organism announced over the radio are the ones that people will have the opportunity of knowing and assimilating within their minds.This kind of exclusivity that exist between the radio system and its listeners is strengthened by the psychological fact that people clang to the radio since it made them feel involved and allied to t he rest of the country and the world. The phenomenon, that is the alliance between the radio and the public during that time, is similar to living inside a community isolated within a bubble or a noodle wherein the structure of society is shaped and controlled by the structure and dynamics that springs within it. This metaphorical illustration depicts how the radio system has shaped national culture during that time.Business organizations who advertise through the radio, the kind of music most often played during musical segments, the coverage of news that radio stations are able to broadcast, as well as the kind of political information from public speeches, to press releases, and such, that the government announced through the radio system, were the only kind of information that the people obtained by listening to the radio all at the same time. Since the things or situations that people get wind, by seeing, feeling, and in this case hearing, influences their state of mind, bel iefs and ideologies, character, personal opinion, etc., and the things or situations that people experience by listening to the radio are similar, their overall state of mind are shaped and influenced in the same manner more or less, then leading to the development of national culture through shared experiences by simply tuning in to the radio. The impact of the radio system is observed by reviewing history, particularly those that relate to politics since they reveal the greatest influence to national culture. For instance, Chinas history reveals how the radio played a role in promoting the communist government of Mao Zedong.He controlled the kind of information that radio stations are allowed to broadcast to the public, particularly those that promote his government through the announcement of companionship decisions, knowledge and information that uphold communist ideologies, etc. , limiting knowledge and information that the Chinese people are allowed to learn, and also settin g boundaries on how the nation is supposed to act, practice beliefs and traditions, promote ideologies and such. (Dominick, Messere & Sherman, 317-319)Another historical evidence which points to the influence of the radio system to shape national culture was the presidential elections in the United States in 1928. Apparently, the Republican Party chose to operate for the campaign by utilizing the radio system. Five speeches were allowed to be broadcasted through the radio convincing the people to vote for the partys representative come election time. Sensing that the Republican Party has made a bold yet smart move in reaching the majority of the nations population, the Democratic Party followed in their opponents footsteps by broadcasting several speeches through the radio.The competition between the two parties commenced by their decision to make the radio a battle ground wherein the parties representatives aired their opinions through arguments and debates concerning major politic al, social, and economic issues that they believe the public wants and needs to know and understand in order to make a well-informed decision on who to vote for the presidency. However, the competition turned sour by scandalous attacks coming from two parties to weaken the momentum of the other party.The result of the antagonistic rivalry between the two parties was the involvement of the majority of the population in the election. Millions of people decided to register in order to vote since they believed that it was their role as citizens of the country to end the conflict by deciding who they want to become their national leader. (Rudel, 1-2) The influence of radio, cosmos the only existing electronic medium during that time, was undeniable.The radio system, through its established capacity to influence majority of the nations population, was structured to monopolize everything that mass media offers to the public satisfying business organizations and political leaders, from a dvertising to entertainment, and even political broadcasting. The radios ability to control and limit that kind of information being broadcasted through the airwaves to the people who constitute majority of the population led to the establishment of a national culture that was shaped by shared experiences through the radio system.

A Life in Prague 1941-1968 Essay

Life under the Soviets was as cruel as that under the Germans. The end of German job signaled a new era of political tension and economic dislocation for the people of Czechoslovakia. After the Communist coup in 1948, the Czech people were erst again introduced to the concept of totalitarian brutality. Many people were tortured and imprisoned by the state police for subversive activities. Prison camps, almost equal in splendor and brutality were erected across the country. However, unlike the Nazi experience, this new experience was never heard in the international stage.The tragedy of the Second World struggle became once again the scenery of Prague. However, much of the chapters content (pp. 93-143) seemed to focus on the hardships of the author. Kovaly seemed to have been frustrated with her role both as a adult female and citizen. At times, she complained on the governments lack of political will to guarantee the equality of women and men. Kovaly lived the life of a wealthy w oman. She bought luxurious items, attempted to constitute a foundation (for children), and sought the support of top officials for financing her projects.Because she was the wife of a deputy minister, she was expected to participate in minor political meetings, and to go a role model to other women. Rudolfs arrest turned her world upside down. Although an ardent Communist, his husband was suspected to be an ally of the West. Kovaly asked avail from Ludvik Frejka, the head of the Economic Commission. Frejka, however, refused to help her. After a few weeks, Frejka was arrested and executed along with Kovalys husband. Kovaly languished in pain. She cursed the system for its anti-Semitic orientation.She wanted to spy the brutality of the Soviet-led government, but had little power to demonstrate it. Her husbands execution was portrayed as the continuation of German tyranny (under the guise of a Communist Party). She persistently argued that being a loyal Communist does not guarantee safety, if you are a Jew, practicing or not. It can be argued that Kovalys bearish attitude against the Soviet-led regime was borne out of hatred and repulsion. The Communists had driven the Germans but failed to instill the principles of equality and humanity into the hearts of the anti-Semitic population of Prague.In this chapter, Kovaly explained the consequences of Communist loom of Czechoslovakia. She argued that the Communist occupation did not free the Czech people from thrall. It was an instrument in the creation of a new political and economic form of slavery slavery which is disguised by the principles of economic equality and political tolerance. She argued that while the war brought national shame and indignation to the country, the Communist occupation brought deprivation and invariable fear to the common people.According to Kovaly, the cessation of freedom for the sake of necessity, economic equality, Party disciple, and even for the false glory of the country, would only lead to the eventual end of individual truths truths which make individuals happy and content. Kovalys assertions are supported by many historians. For Toynbee, the Soviet occupation of Czechoslovakia signaled the end of freedom and individual merit. Toynbee argued that the real finis of Soviet occupation of Czechoslovakia was the eventual isolation of Western democracy.The country served as a bait for the Western powers to relinquished their claim of democracy in the East, curiously Czechoslovakia. For Ozment, the Soviet occupation of the country was necessary because Czechoslovakia served as the basement of German military power during the early 1940s. Czech support for Germany proved to be fatal and convincing. Hence, according to Ozment, the brutality of the Soviet occupation was a testimony to revenge and destruction of political freedom.

Night World : Huntress Chapter 5

The boys light hair was longish, f wholeing over his forehead in disarray. He had a nice brass section, serious, thowith an unexpected dimple in his chin that gave him a slightly mischievous count on. His body was nicelymuscled but compact standing, Jez knew, hed be no taller than she. There was a large bump glide slope upon his forehead, just under the falling hair. The ghoul had probably slammed him once morest something.Jez jumped up and got a blue p fitic cup full of water from her nightstand. She pushoverbed a clean T-shirtfrom the floor and dipped it into the water, then she gently brushed back the hair from the boysforehead.It was silky under her fingers. Even softer than she would be nourish thought. Jez unplowed her face expressionlessand began to wipe his face with the damp cloth.He didnt stir. Jezs heart, which was already thumping distinctly, speeded up. She took a deep breathand kept wiping.Finally, although it probably didnt have anything to do with the water, the boys disconsolate eyelashes moved.He coughed, breathed, blinked, and looked at her.Relief spread through Jez. Dont try to sit up yet.Thats what they all say, he agreed, and sit down up. He put a authorize to his head and groaned. Jez steadiedhim.Im fine, he said. Just tell the room to stop moving. He looked around the room, bunked once more andsuddenly seemed to focus. He grabbed her arm, his eyes wide. Something followed me-A ghoul. Its dead.He let out his breath. Then he smiled wryly. You saved my life.And I dont even charge, Jez said, embarrassed. No, I mean it. His smile faded and he looked straight at her. give thanks you.Jez could feel heat trying to rise to her face, and she had a hard clip holding his gaze. His eyes weregray and so intense-fathomless. Her skin was tingling.She looked away and said evenly, We should submit you to a hospital. You cogency have a concussion.No. Im okay. Let me just see if I can stand up.When she opened her mouth to protest, he added, Jez , you dont be intimate why Im here. It cant wait.He was right Jez had been so intent on make outting him conscious that she hadnt even wondered what hewas doing here. She looked at him for a moment, then nodded. She helped him up, and let go of his armwhen she saw he could stand without falling over.See, Im fine. He took a few steps, then made a circuit of the room, loosening his muscles. Jez watchedhim narrowly, ready to grab him if he fell. But he walked steadily except for a slight limp.And that wasnt from his encounter with the ghoul tonight, Jez knew. Hed had the limp from childhood,from when the werewolves took his family.How hed been able to get over that and join turn Daybreak, Jez would never know.Hed lost his p atomic number 18nts close to as young as she had. Hed lost his two sisters and his brother, too. His entirefamily had been on a camping trip atLake Tahoe , when in the eye of the night theyd been attackedby a pack of werewolves. Renegade wolves, hunting illegal ly because shadow World law wouldnt let themkill as often as they liked.Just like Jezs old gang.The wolves had ripped through theDavis familys tents and killed the man, hotshot, two, three. Easy asthat. The only one they left alive was seven-year-old Hugh, because he was too little to have such(prenominal) meaton his body. They had just settled down to eat the hearts and livers of their victims, whensuddenly the one too little to be worth eating was dapper at them with a homemade torch constructed ofkerosene-soaked underwear wrapped around a stick. He was also waving a silver-tongued cross on a chain thewerewolves had torn from his sisters neck.Two things werewolves dont like silver and fire. The little boy was attacking with both. The wolvesdecided to kill him.Slowly.They almost did it. They managed to chew one of his legs almost off before a park ranger arrived,attracted by the spreading fire from the dropped torch.The ranger had a gun, and the fire was getting out of contro l. The wolves left.Hugh almost died of broth loss on the way to the hospital. But he was a tough kid. And a very smart one. He didnt even try to explain to anybody what hed beendoing with the silver necklace. He knew they would never believe him if he said hed suddenlyremembered a bunch of past lives, including one where hed seen a werewolf killed.Hugh Davis was an obsolescent Soul.And a wakened senescent Soul, which was even more rare. It scared Jez a little. He was human and she wasfrom the Night World, but she didnt pret revoke to understand the magic that brought some humans backagain and again, reincarnating them in new bodies. Letting them remember all their past lifetimes, makingthem smarter and more clearheaded any time they were born.In Hughs case, also gentler every time. In spite of the attack on his family, when he got out of thehospital the first thing he did was try to find some Night People. He knew they werent all bad. He knewsome of them would help him stop the werewolves from hurting anyone else.Fortunately, the first people he found were from Circle Daybreak.Circles were witch organizations, but Circle Daybreak was for humans and vampires and shapeshiftersand werewolves, too. It was an underground society, as secret within the Night World as the NightWorld was secret within the human world. It went against the most basic tenets of Night World law thathumans were not to be told about the Night World, and that Night People shouldnt fall in love withhumans. Circle Daybreak was combat to unite everybody, to stop the killings, and to bring peacebetween the races.Jez wished them luck.She suddenly realized that Hugh had stopped walking and was looking at her. She blinked and focused,furious with herself for her slip in concentration. As a huntress-of vampires or anything else-you stayedalert all the time, or you were dead.You were miles away, Hugh said softly. His gray eyes were calm but intense as always. That look OldSouls get when theyre r eading you, Jez thought.She said, Sorry. Um, do you want some ice for that bump?No, I like it. Im thinking of getting one on the other side, to match. He sat on the bed, serious again.Really, Ive got some stuff to explain to you, and its going to take a while.Jez didnt sit. Hugh, I think you need it. And I need to take a shower or my aunt will get suspiciousabout what Im doing in here for so long. Besides, the smell is driving me crazy. Although she couldntuse her vampire powers without saving on the bloodlust, her senses were still much more acute than ahumans.Eau de Ghoul? And I was just starting to enjoy it. Hugh nodded at her, switching from gentle wit togentle gravity as always. You need to do what will keep your cover here. I shouldnt be so impatient.Jez took the fastest shower of her life, then svelte in clean clothes shed brought to the bathroom. Asshe returned carrying a sparklerful of ice from the kitchen and a washcloth, she saw that Claires bedroomdoor was ajar and C laire was watching her narrowly.Jez raised the glass in a mock toast, and slipped into her own bedroom. Here. She made an ice pack and handed it to Hugh. He accepted it docilely. Now, what is it thats sourgent? And how come youre so fashionable with ghouls all of a sudden?Instead of answering, Hugh looked into a middle distance. He was bracing himself for something. Finallyhe lowered the ice pack and looked straight at her. You know I care about you. If anything happened to you, I dont know what Id do. And if anythinghappened because of me He shook his head.Jez told her heart to get down where it belonged. It was pounding in her throat, choking her. She kepther voice flat as she said, Thanks.Something like hurt flashed in his eyes and was gone instantly. You dont think I mean it.Jez still spoke flatly, in a clipped, hurried voice. She wasnt good at talking about emotional stuff. Hugh,look. You were my first human friend. When I came to live here, nobody at Circle Daybreak would hav eanything to do with me. I dont blame them-not after the things my gang did to humans. But it was hardbecause they wouldnt even talk to me, much less trust me, and they wouldnt believe I cute to helpthem. And then you showed up that day after school. And you did talk to me-And I did trust you, Hugh said. And I still do. He looked distant again. I thought you were thesaddest psyche Id ever seen, and the most beautiful-and the bravest. I knew you wouldnt betray CircleDaybreak.And thats why I love you, Jez thought before she could stop herself. It was easier to live with if shedidnt put it into words.Because it was hopeless, of course. You couldnt hang on to an Old Soul. Nobody could-not unlessthey were one of those tiny fraction of people who were soulmates. Wakened Old Souls were tooold. They knew too much, had seen too much to get attached to any one person.Much less a person who was tainted with vampire blood.So all she said was I know. Thats why I work with Circle Daybreak. Beca use you positive(p) them Iwasnt some kind of spy for the Night World. I owe you, Hugh. And-I believe you care about me.Because you care about everybody, she added silently.Hugh nodded, but he didnt look any happier. Its about something dangerous. Something I dont wantto ask you to do. He dug into his jeans pocket and came up with a thick packet of what looked likefolded newspaper articles. He held it out to her.Jez took it, frowned, then paged through the first few articles. Headlines jumped out at her.Four-year old dies in coyote attack. Record heatwave in Midwest hundreds hospitalized. Motherconfesses I killed my babies. Mystery virus erupts in eastern U.S. Scientists baffled.There were lots more, but she didnt look at them. She looked at Hugh, her eyebrows drawn together.Thanks for sharing this. Am I supposed to fight the coyote or the virus? His lips smiled, but his eyes were bottomless and frighteningly sad. Nobody can fight whatshappening-at least not in the ordinary way. And all thats just the beginning.Of what? She loved Hugh, but sometimes shewanted to strangle him. Old Souls loved being mysterious.Have you noticed the weather latterly? Its either floods or droughts. Record cold days in winter, recordheat in the summer. Record number of hurricanes and tornadoes. Record snowfall and hail. It just getsweirder and weirder every year.Well-sure. Jez shrugged. They talk about it on TV all the time. But it doesnt mean any-And the earths being disturbed, too. Earthquakes. Volcanoes. Last year four dormant volcanoeserupted and thither were dozens of major quakes.Jez narrowed her eyes. OkayAnd theres another weird thing, even though its not as obvious. You have to kind of dig a little to get tothe statistics. Theres been an sum up in animal attacks all over the world. All kinds of animals. Hetapped the pile of newspaper articles. This coyote attack-a couple of years ago you never heard aboutcoyotes killing kids. Just like you never heard of mountain lions a ttacking adults. But now its happening,and its happening everywhere.Prickles of unease were going up Jezs arms. It was true, what Hugh was saying. Not that shed remunerativemuch attention to the human news when she was a vampire-but it did seem as if animal attacks weregetting more frequent.A bunch of elephants stomped their trainers last year, she said slowly. cut through attacks are up four hundred percent, Hugh said. According to the California state police. InNew Mexico theres an epidemic of rabid bats. In Florida theyve had seven tourists killed by alligatorssince last January-and believe me, that information was hard to find. Nobody wanted to report itI bet.Then there are the insects. Were seeing more and more people get attacked by them. Killer bees. Fireants. Tiger mosquitoes-and, no, Im not joking. Theyre for real, and they carry dengue fever, a in truthnasty disease.HughWhich brings me to diseases. You have to have noticed that. There are new diseases popping up allover. Ebola. Mad cow disease. That flesh-eating bacteria. Hanta viruses. Lassa. Crimean-Congohemorrhagic fever. You bleed from your ears and nose and mouth and into the whites of your eyes-Jez opened her mouth to say Hugh again, but he was racing on, his chest rising and falling quickly, hisgray eyes almost feverish.And theyre resistant to antibiotics the same way that the insects are resistant to pesticides. Theyre all mutating. Changing. get stronger and more deadly. And-Hugh. She got it in while he took a breath.-theres a hole in the ozone. He looked at her. What?What does it all mean?It means that things are changing. spiral out of control. Heading for He stopped and lookedat her. Jez, its not those things themselves that are the problem. Its whats behind them. And what isbehind them? Hugh said simply, The Old Powers are rising. Chills swept over Jez. The Old Powers.The Ancient Magic that had controlled the universe in the old days of the Night World. No one could seeor know the Ol d Powers they were forces of nature, not people. And they had been quiescence like giantdragons for thousands of years ever since humans had gained control of the world. If they were wakingup again nowIf magic was coming back again, everything would change.It shows in diverse weird ways, Hugh went on. Night People are getting more powerful. Lots of themhave noticed it. And they say the soulmate principle is back.The soulmate principle. The idea that for every person there was one destined soulmate, one true love,and that the two souls were bound for eternity. Jez lifted her shoulders and dropped them withoutmeeting Hughs eyes. Yeah, I heard. Dont believe it, though.Ive seen it, Hugh said, and for a moment Jezs heart stopped. Then it started again as he continued, Inother people, I mean. Ive seen people our age who found their soulmate, and its really true you can seeit in their eyes. The Old Powers really are rising, Jez for good and for evil. Thats whats behind allthese other cha nges.Jez sat very still. And so what happens if they keep rising?What happens is Hugh paused and then looked at her. It means a time of darkness is coming, hesaid simply.A time-?Of serious darkness. The worst. Were talking the end of the world, here.Jez could feel gooseflesh on the back of her neck, where her wet hair touched her skin. She might havebeen tempted to laugh if it were anybody else telling her this. But it was Hugh, and he wasnt joking. Shehad no desire to laugh.But then its all over, she said. Theres nothing we can do. How can anybody stop the end of theworld?Well. He ran a quick hand through his hair, pushing it off his forehead. Thats why Im here. BecauseIm hoping you can.

The Heart Aroused

To use this word in the context of my avow sustenance and ally pass away Is definitely possible, hardly would be difficult, I count that destiny Is an extremely strong word that is not in enough peoples vocabularies. I would put forward that the most common spring that I hear this word is in the context of the phrase you control your own destiny. In my opinion, as click as this sounds, It Is very unbent and highly effective. Yes, destiny is a predetermined series of events, but you grass equable go through a hand in with happens to your destiny. For example, the harder you work at something, the luckier you pass on get.People let barriers In life to prevent them room achieving goals, instead of moving further down their journey in life. Q. How do I bring into my work the questions close my own destiny that enliven, embolden, and perhaps even sc be me a little? What questions do I train to ask secretly and alone and what questions need support and conversation? A. As a student currently in college, I hold a large amount of power in my life, and what Is ahead of me. Obviously, I would c are to someday have a job that I absolutely have it off and enjoy. But, this is not always easy.It is right now in my life that I moldiness ask myself questions such as, how doll essential to live my life when I am older? Or what lob will I be willing to put all of my heart and soul Into? . These questions argon what I will attempt to base my studies and further learning upon. It is very shivery to conceptualize about the future and what it will bring. Currently, I have absolutely no idea what I will be doing In the next quintet years. Yes, I have plans to graduate college and get a masters degree all in the next four years, but after that the road is open.I have no idea what I will be doing for a vocation, where I will be living, or who I will be friends with. I mustiness work hard and carefully and be sure to make expert decisions in the near true which will eventually lead me to destiny. Beowulf Power and pic in the dressplace Q. What is my own equivalent of Grenades mother? What clues or hints do I have as to what I find difficult to confront about myself? What are the things I find difficult to face about my own relationships to my work? What conversational waters must I enter that seem false and fearful to me?What conversations are unspoken taboos in my organization? What is Grenades mother for my organization? A. For something to be my own equivalent of Grenades mother, it would have to be something I must over gravel. It must be something I need to fight off to reach toys success. I would say Tanat my equivalent would De my co instruction. I Nils Is something that I must fight and work to overcome. Today, education is like a gateway to the rest of life. Without it, it is very difficult to go anywhere. If Beowulf did not kill Grenades mother, he would have been killed, and his legend would not have move on.There are many i nstances when I am not loyal to my work. I do not put in nearly as a lot sudor as I should. There are snips when I only do enough to get by, and I do not perform to my scoop out ability. I need to begin to set goals to maximize my effort, which will allow me to defeat my equivalent to Grenades mother. Q. Who are the people in the workplace with whom I layabout discuss matters of the heart? If I do not have a confidant in the workplace, where do I have the conversations that matter? A. For me, the workplace is the college purlieu.Luckily, I am surrounded with people that I can talk to about anything. First, I have my friends. These are people that I live with, and spends lot of clock time with. I feel comfortable talking with my closest friends about anything. Next are my professors. Although I am not real close with all of my professors, I definitely feel close enough to some of them that I can discuss matters of the heart. Fire in the Earth Toward a Grounded Creativity Q. Ho w often do I refuse the root steps towards my creativity because I am not sure who will emerge at the other end?What are my favorite ways of sabotaging myself? What does fire feel like in my own life? When I think of my own creativity in my own flow, what days or hours of my life do I remember? If I could imagine my own creativity at full flow, how do I imagine or anticipate it would show itself? Having read the fabrication of the Chinese potter at the end of the chapter, what is the work that would bake me to perfection? What is the part of myself that I have been prop back? A. Not a day goes by without me holding something back. There are far too many occasions when I find myself concealing from something.Some generation in class I am afraid to share my views and ideas with the class because I am afraid of sounding stupid. I am refusing the first steps towards my creativity because I fear what is one the other side. I do not know what will happen. The results could be extreme ly positive or extremely negative. In my life, fire feels like the creativity I have once I release it. Once I finally let go, and allow myself to be free. There are certainly multiplication in my life where I have done this. For example, I used to be the best artificer in my art class. Yes, I was not displaying my creativity verbally, rather through artwork.This was my way of showing what creativity I have to offer. I think I shocked many of the students in the class because they were always so used to me holding it in. If I could see my creativity at full flow, I would be speaking constantly. Nothing would hold me back and I would be expressing all of my ideas. Fortunately, not only would this benefit me, but it would also benefit others. I think that this creativity that I tend to always hold back, if let out, would bake me to perfection. Fire in the Voice Speaking Out at Work Q. What are the essential qualities conveyed by my voice?Is my voice strong enough to represent the fa miliar core of my aspirations to the outer world? What are my mouse sounds? What are my lion sounds? Having read the story beginning this chapter, what story could I tell from my own life to illustrate a time I said ex Instead AT Leer? How could I practice leaning my voice out Into my world Ana my aerospace more fully? How rise do I say No to the things for which I do not have a Yes? When in my own life did No blossom into Yes? A. Voice is a very herculean tool that every individual in the world can potentially conquer. It is scary how influential ones voice can truly be.My voice at times can be loud, and other times can be awfully quiet. When chose to be quiet, I am not being myself. I am not allowing myself to open up be creative as spoken above. Unfortunately, only sometimes my voice can be strong enough to represent the inner core of my aspirations to the outer world. My mouse sounds are those used hen I am hiding, and not allowing myself to air out. For example, I use my mous e sounds when I let someone talk down to me, and I do not fight back. My lion sounds are used when I will not take No for an answer, and I plead my case.There was one time where I also chose Ten instead of Zero. It was the end of the semester and I was rating one of my professors. I chose to in force(p) better her all fives when she really de parcel outd zeros. I did this because I was afraid of being the different one and possibly being questioned. I can anticipatefully someday learn to be able to say Zero, and backup my opinions. Finn and the Salmon of Knowledge Innocence and Experience in Corporate America Q. How much of my day is dog-tired trying to solve the problem and problems of life? How much of my day is spent attempting to live out the mystery of my existence?How much alone time do I give myself for this explanation? How much of my time with others am I truly present? A. There are always various problems in ones lifetime. As a result, I am spending most of my day tryi ng to find solutions to these problems. In the workplace, one can have either experience or innocence in their voice. To have experience is to give in to hose with the authority. On the other hand, to have innocence in your voice is to make your own ways in the world no matter what the circumstances may be. Nobody really knows how alone they really are in the world.In contrary, thither is no exact measurement of togetherness either. We must find a medium between the two that will allow us to balance the two. There are those times that you are physically with others, but are you truly present? Are you really completely in existence? I would say that most of the time I am with others, I am not really present. I am usually living inside my own brain, on my own and alone. Q. pickings this image of the orphan as a catalyst for my own thoughts, what would I want to claim as my true inheritance? By whom would I like to be raised? What is my lineage?Who are the people, writers, teachers, ar tists-?alive or dead-?who have both emboldened and steadied me? What names would I shout out if confronted by Call Mac Con, so as to be recognized and not slain? A. My true inheritance is what I was brought up with. Because of my parents, I am who I am today. I was raised how they chose to raise and nurture me. In addition to them, I was raised also by those individuals close to me such as friends. Also, there were individuals in society such as teachers, music artists, political jut outs, and actors who have also steadied me.For example, I have had several teachers throughout my educational career that have strongly influence my inheritance. My favorite music artists and actors have also had a hand in making me who I am. There are political figures such as John F. Kennedy Ana Frankly D Roosevelt won nave Impacted my Tie. IT called upon Day call Mac con, I would shout from whom I am descended, where my strengths come from, and what kind of blood flows in my veins. Q. What does this story mean to me? How do I distinguish between passivity and following my hearts desires into the clearing?Do my strategic abilities serve me well or am I continually serving them? Do I believe I can have the life I want if only I can figure it out to be clever enough? What does it mean to love doing something? How much do I think I am stealing time when I am tending to the thing I love? How willing am I to place the people, places, and things I love first, not only in my home life, but in my work life too? How well have I preserved my innocence? A. This story to me, describes the importance of inheritance and lineage. In my life, I can be passive and Just sit back and relax. I can be uninvolved and not react to what is going on around me.On the other hand, I can follow my hearts desires and be all that I want to be. I must figure out what my strategic abilities are, and not serve them, rather they will serve me. To love doing something is to be passionate. To love something, you m ust be willing to put it first, forward anything else. People can love other people and people can also love places or things. To preserve ones innocence though, one must be able to put these things they love first. I can say that I have earned to do this pretty well. Coleridge and Complexity Facing What is Sweet and What is pixilated Q.If I were asked to state the basic principles of my life in the simplest and clearest way possible, how would I articulate them? How much resemblance does my daily work like bear toward these principles? How well does my organization embody the things I deem most important? How do I remember these simple elements on a daily basis what disciplines do I have for remembering them? How much quiet time do I make for myself in consecrate to remember? A. My basic principles of my life are guidelines that I live my life by. These principles for me are honesty, respect, and love.Honesty is Just so important because being truthful is the best way to go. Lyi ng is never a good strategy, no matter what the situation may be. Respect is also very important to me because it is the best way to live life. When I respect others, I express to be respected in return. Lastly, love is very important in life because everyone must admire something. Whether you love a person, place, or thing it is still very important to feel passionate about something. My daily work resembles these principles because I have learned how to live by them. I also hope that my organization deems my basic principles most important also.Throughout my lifetime, I have learned how to acknowledge these principles naturally and no longer need to discipline myself in order to remember. Q. How much time do I spend imagining? What does it mean to have faith in my own images? What is one abiding image inside me in which I could choose to have a faith? When chaos reigns around me, how do I react? What instinctual internal images could make a difference to my retort? How do I work with others without forming a flock? A. I spend a lot of time imagining. It is my time to get away from what I am doing and not be bounded by my office cubicle.An imagination shows a different side of things, completely separate from the ordinary. To have faith in my own images, I must understand their meanings. When there is chaos, I use my Imagination to get away Ana Trot some Kina AT order . nightspot Soul AT ten world lower an Ecological Imagination Q. How much attention do I pay to the world around me? How self-preoccupied am I? Do I let anything in from the outside at all? How self-preoccupied is my organization? How do I see other people in my organization-?are they Just a boning backdrop to my own drama or doll really take time to see they have lives and destinies of their own?How much time do I spend in the natural world or environments outside the world of work that help me put my own struggles in perspective? A. I think that one must pay a large amount of attention to t he world around him. Other individuals are Just as important as the actual being himself. Many problems can arise when someone is too self-preoccupied and does not value others around them. I think that one is too alone when he or she does not let anything in from the outside. Goals cannot be achieved when one is too self- reoccupied.Today, people are commonly self-preoccupied by their appearance, and reputation. In addition, my organization is also too self-preoccupied by the same things. They are too worried about what others think about them. My organization sees others outside of the environment as Just a moving backdrop to what lies inside. Q. What is that place, that room, that certain time of day in my own life? A. There are several places in my life that I can go to get away. For example, my car is that place for me. Other places such as the library, my bedroom, and the outdoors are all places that I can also use to get away.

Judgement on Charles Warren and the Ripper investigation

Charles Warren became head of the Metropolitan practice of law when they were in dire need of help after the incident that occurred in 1886. Police officers and officials were tout ensemble shaken up and the police displume was a mess. When Charles Warren came into action the police force changed. Although he had several difficult and complicated problems to behave with I think he done an outstanding job in taking control over things which proved grateful from the many men and women that commended all that he did.He received countless complimentary letters which I think says it all. He was very(prenominal) effective in keeping the police force calm in order to handle any problem that arose. In his compliments he received one from the Home Secretary, Commander in main(prenominal) H. R. H, The Duke of Cambridge, The Prince of Wales and Lord Salisbury which was a huge honour for him which he so rightly deserved. On top of all the compliments he was awarded with a sawbuck Command ership of the Order of the Bath.He dealt with other difficulties which included burglaries, muzzling of dogs along with everything else going on which lead to the police being abused by the irritated public. condescension all of these positives, people began to criticise him in the case of Jack the Ripper, people would slate him, accuse him of things he didnt do and generally oppose him. He was unfairly accused of not catching the murderer and frequently had to face the recommend with outrageous thoughts and articles which gave him a bad image.I disagree with this for he coped very well with what problems he was faced with. The case of Jack the Ripper was his most difficult case but he faced it head on and didnt choke down to defeat. I believe people could not see the inner workings to all that he did. After all the issues that he still received he resigned which left officers in dismay and disappointed for the great job that he did do.To conclude I believe that he was very effec tive as Head of the Metropolitan Police for all of the difficulties that he dealt with in a sensible manner which enabled the public to feel safe and the officers around him to be at ease, he alterd Police investigation strategies which gave him great respect. I also think that all of the criticism he received off of the public and press he still continued to do his work and did not let things overcome him. Overall he really did help the Metropolitan Police to improve and was a very good man in what he did and achieved.

Beowulf – Anglo Saxon Culture

Beowulfs Strength and Fearlessness Anglo-Saxon poetry reflects their culture and life. Poetry is a wide part of their lives, and many of them passed to the descendants through the word of mouth. From many poetry told, Beowulf would be a first class example of the Anglo-Saxon lives. Beowulf is a poem about a bold hero who hears tales of a fearsome beast that tore a kingdom apart. Beowulf, the main character, as a brave warrior, fights the beasts and saves the kingdom. Beowulf is fearless and strong.These characteristics show the regard ass of the Anglo-Saxon culture. Beowulf was the strongest of the Geats and greater and stronger than anyone anywhere is this world (lines 110-111). This proves that Beowulf was stronger than any Anglo-Saxon men. Beowulf also realizes himself that he is strong too. He says, He could never leave me behind, swim faster / crossways the waves than I could (274-275). He says this to prove that he is strongest of all men, and that no one could beat him in a nything.The signifi stoogeces in Beowulfs outstanding physical abilities reveal the value of strength in the Anglo-Saxon culture. Among the Danes and Geats, Beowulf is praised as the epic hero because he defeats the vile monsters, Grendel and his mom. Grendel and Beowulf would be total opposites of each other. Grendel is the demon who snatched up thirty men, taut them / Unknowing in their beds, and ran out with their bodies (37-38). The people of Herot despised Grendel for his slaughtering. When Beowulf kills Grendel, Herot gains freedom from the demon.That basically makes Herot love Beowulf for his good deed. Beowulf struck with all the strength he had left, / Caught her in the fill out and cut it through, / Broke bones and all. (641-643) and then struck off / His head with a single blow. (663-665). The slaughter of Grendel and his mother saved Herot from its continuing of sorrowful deaths. Again, Beowulfs value of incredible strength reveals the Anglo-Saxon culture. Beowulf wa s fearless to all of his enemies and never lost a battle. He never forfeited any of them, and won supremacy every time fair and square.When Beowulf first arrives in Herot, he is asked to leave all his weapons. Beowulf says, My lord Higlac / Might appreciate less of me if I let my firebrand / Go where my feet were afraid to, if I hid / Behind some broad linden shield My hands / Alone shall fight for me, struggle for life / Against the monster. (170-175) Beowulf doesnt require to look like a weak hero by taking all of his weapons, so he leaves his spears and battle-shields behind. He doesnt want his king to think less of himself.Beowulf emphasizes his fearlessness by leaving all of his weapons behind. The standout of Beowulfs fearlessness shows an Anglo-Saxon characteristic. Beowulf also shows his fearlessness during the celebration after Grendel retreats with his arm cut off. Beowulf says, When we go across the sea, my comrades / And I, I already knew that all / My purpose was this to win the good will / Of your people or die in battle, pressed / In Grendels ferine grip. Let me live in greatness / And courage, or here in this hall welcome / My death (364-369) Beowulf says that he would rather die in Grendels hand if he could not defeat him. He does not fear to give up his life in a battle if he cant win. This demonstrates that Beowulf is not fearful at all, even in front of death. Beowulfs actions toward death show fearlessness, an Anglo-Saxon characteristic. From the poem Beowulf, the main character, Beowulf shows strength and fearlessness, the characteristics of the Anglo-Saxon culture when he first arrives to Herot and when he defeats Grendel and his mother.

Commanding Heights Essay

Episode 1 The Battle of Ideas begs a comparison between collectivism and capitalism. It traces the worlds economic history from the primal 1900s to the events following 9/11. Asks the question which is a better and more foolproof economic strategy government control or impoverished markets? It delves into how the First World War impacted two shiny economists, Keynes and Hayek. And then follows both Keynes and Hayek through their respective career paths (Keynes role as an advisor to the British organisation on war date economy and Hayek as an Austrian soldier). Keynes predicted that the result of the treaty of Versailles and demanding reparations from an already bankrupt Germany and Austria would cause other war, The Second World War. slowdown Hayek and his disciple Zlabinger fought against hyper inflation and encouraged free markets. Simultaneously the American deliverance was booming, till October 24th, 1930 when the great depression hit and unemployment soared and industr y stopped and half of the US banks were closed down. During this time Keyness theory of government intervention helped lead the way out of the problem (Keynes wrote about Macroeconomics). Meanwhile Lenin had introduced the New Economic Policy which consisted of grass root level capitalism but the commanding heights would still be under the government. The reform was met with scrutiny from the left, soon after Stalin took power and employed change planning of every economic aspect. Owing to the recovery from the Great Depression and Keynes key role in the Breton Woods Conference, in America Keynesianism took control and Hayek faded into the background. In Britain a welfare state and socialism built the country back from the bottom up. Newly independent countries like India also employed Keynesian methods, allowing for State led industry. One third of the world followed aspects of socialism until Churchill and Margaret Thatcher and Keith Joseph were influenced by Hayeks book, Road t o Serfdom. In Germany, Ludwig Erhard stopped price control and re-started the free market economy to combat hyperinflation. The success of his risky stopping point led to the German Economic Miracle. While Keynes still had a strong hold over Washington, a Chicago School of Economics was created and it emphasised Hayeks theory as a measure to difference of opinion stagflation. Finally Thatchers election and confidence in Hayeks theory allowed for free markets to be launch again. Thus, after a period of a century came back to where it was at the beginning of the century, back to free markets.

Mayday on Holderness Essay

In the poem, Mayday on Holderness, Ted Hughes analyses the relationship between man and personality. The theme of the second stanza is strongly centre on death, playing a part of the poems overall theme the cycle of life. other focus point of the stanza is the eternal being of record and mans need for it. Hughes picks up on the interpolateiority of mankind in comparison to unkillable nature. Hughes conveys the idea that nature is immortal and lives off our baselesss remains, we see this by the listing of tri justary graves being part of what the North Sea swallows.This imagery is morbid and voices Hughes anti-pastoral feeling. He uses this poem to establish that nature is not clean, pure and innocent but instead has been dirtied and thrives off our dead and waste. Nature has destructive power as well as creative power. The river Humber that Hughes describes in this stanza is depicted as a loaded single vein. The use of this metaphor and comparison to a vein infer that the riv er is living, as veins atomic number 18 needed by the body to pump blood around and harbour us alive.Leading us to label the river as the blood and the country as the flesh. This metaphor consequently conveying that the people of the North rely on the river, and as a whole rely on nature, to keep them alive. However, Hughes tells us that the river contains human remains the river therefore is not only a symbol of life but also of death. This reflects the overall theme of the poem life cycles. Hughes emphasises the density of death that is contained in the river through describing it as loaded.This adjective portraying that the river is so full up to the point that it is on the verge of exploding. In addition, the assonance of i in the third var. of the stanza mimics the flowing movement of the river Humber as it travels out of hull to join the North Sea. This is also emphasised in many lines of the stanza through sibilance. Notably, for example, in the first dickens lines sunse t smudge and south skyline sh ar the hissing sound of the rivers water.Returning to the pass on Hughes is making about mans subconscious need and reliance on nature, the imagery of the river as it drains the effort of the inert North Sheffields ores reflects this. The point being made is that mankind focus their nada and time into manufacturing and industry (Sheffield being known for its steel production), turning them into lifeless, sluggish beings. Yet, we need nature to keep everything in equilibrium and without it we would not survive.The river is accepting and making use of what humans discard or have no use for, for example, the river swallows up all bog pools, dregs of toadstools. The way Hughes calls the river Humber Sheffields ores is another(prenominal) reference to the importance of industry and also that nature is used by mankind in the same(p) way Sheffield uses ores for its important elements. We take nature for granted. The idea of nature being engulfed and overloo ked by a world of manufacturing is inferred through the description of the river melting.This verb seems an unusual one to use and Hughes has selected it for its industrial connotations. As I previously mentioned, Hughes voices his anti-pastoral feeling in this poem. A filthy, more negative portrayal of nature is articulated. It appears that nature has had its purity removed, or it never existed. Hughes describes Hulls sunset smudge. The connotations of sunset are romantic, peaceful and naturally beautiful. The juxtaposition of these two words creates severe contrast, as the word smudge is onomatopoeic, with a dirty, unclean sound created by the sm and thickness heard in the d.The last line of the stanza once again enforces the idea that nature has the ultimate power over all creatures on earth. Insects, drunken, give the axe out of the air. This imagery shows authority, as though the insects are falling at natures feet. In such a way that one would fall in front of their leader. It also expresses the idea that the insects are dropping death into the river after being poisoned by the rivers fumes. Which is another way that illustrates natures ultimate power and also the sense of natures destructive power.

Cognitive Behavioural Therapy Essay

Cognitive behavioral Therapy (CBT) is recommended by the NICE guidelines as an effective sermon for many mental health problems, specifically nonion and all of the anxiety disorders. But is it a therapy open to all? When Professor Lord Layard wrote his paper intellectual Health Britains Biggest Social Problem? in 2005, he noted that 16% of adults of working come on arrest a mental illness Of these 16%, he stated that, only a keister were utilising any type of treatment. It was this sort of finding that lead to his recommendation to increase accessibility to proven therapies such(prenominal) as CBT.This was achieved with the roll out of the Improved Access to Psychological Therapy (IAPT) course. The diagram below shows how the IAPT programme has been split up up into 3 steps It is this stepped approach that will contri ande to overcoming some of the barriers that societies diversity whitethorn welcome with accessing CBT. What might these barriers be? One of the first ba rriers an individual faces may be around the concern of world stigmatised. It may be too hard for them to think about accessing CBT therapy for fear of what others may think.They may not want to take time off work to attend sessions for fear of it impacting negatively on their calling prospects. The stepped c ar model means they are able to receive the lowest appropriate service mark support. This may mean that an individual is able to access therapy employ guided self-help, leaseing them to work through the programme in their own time and at their own pace. Online programmes such as Fearfighter and Beating the Blues allow the individual to access therapy where and when they like.Not only do these sort of programmes overcome the fear of stigma precisely they also overcome the issue of pine waiting lists meaning that the individual can access treatment on their terms almost instantaneously. Only if this level of support proves unsuccessful will the individual accordingly be s tepped up to the high intensity support. These internet CBT programmes also overcome geographical difficulties, as long the individual has access to the internet and phone. In my opinion the internet is one of the main bearings in which barriers may be removed.Morland et al (2011) conducted a study on the effectiveness of CBT delivered via video conferencing compared to the traditional in the flesh(predicate). The results indicated that the outcomes were just as effective. A promising move for those that are unable to access traditional CBT as a result of their location or possible mental health issue, for example those suffering agoraphobia. At the core of CBT is the individuals motivation to learn and change. This in itself can lead to difficulties, especially in children and raw people. Often this group is being taken to therapy rather than choosing to go.Hudson (2005) prove that large numbers of claws were not responding to the CBT treatment that they were receiving. As far as children and young people are concerned there seems to have been limited research onto the success of CBT treatment. The first controlled trials did not take place until the early 1990s and the volume of research has focused on the impact of CBT on adults. Even so the NICE guidelines on falloff in Children and Young People recommended the use of CBT, firstly, rather than pharmacological interventions.So how has CBT been adapted to incorporate children and young people, whose very cognition and emotional stages differs from that of adults? There have been some creative adaptations to the CBT model such as Think Good Feel good. Here the concept of CBT is broken down into easy to take away bites. There is also a lot of use of cartoons and speech bubbles, allowing the young soul to access their thoughts and feelings in a safe way. The need to use more non-verbal techniques to help the young somebody to engage in the process such as, storytelling, drawing and games is also highli ghted in this book.OReilly et al (2009) have also certain an interesting approach to using CBT with children and young people. They have created a game called gNAtenboroughs Island which is played by the youngster along fount a therapist. Each session introduces another core CBT concept to the young person, such as the connection between thoughts, feelings and behaviours. These are presented in a non-threatening way and also a way that may be more engaging to this age group. Cerangolu (2010) found that video games could enhance the therapeutic experience.They could help expedite the therapeutic relationship as young people may be more willing to hit to a therapist that is ready to engage and understand their normal way of playing. Also sitting side by side rather than at the conventional ten to two setting also may make the young person relax. How the game is played can also reveal the young person cognitive style. As technology develops so do the opportunities to engage young pe ople in therapy. Apps for smartphones are constantly being developed that allow the young person to access their homework in a more user friendly way, to record their thoughts and emotions instantaneously.To allow them to engage in therapy in the same way that they engage in their life. Homework may be a part of CBT therapy that causes a young person to disengage, especially as the very word may cause them to have negative connotations. Gaynor et al (2006) found that compliance toward completing homework dropped the further into therapy a young person was. It is important that the therapist and knob work together to agree the homework and that the young person is encouraged to set their own, as this may encourage a buy in to its importance.It may be that the therapist stays away from using the language of school and calls it practise work or work for self. Initially I byword CBT treatment as regimented and unmoving, but the more I have researched the barriers that different people may encompass when thinking of embarking on treatment the more I realise that CBT is indeed structured but there is an innate flexibility about how it is delivered. It is this flexibility that allows people from different backgrounds to engage in a CBT approach that sees them as an individual rather than specific disorder.

Analysis of Health Education Pamphlet Essay

Analysis of wellness Education Pamphlet Helping Yourself Heal When Your Spouse Dies Mental health is an important component of general healthcare, but it is often overlooked. Although society has become more aware of moral health issues, there is tranquillize a stigma perceived, and individuals are often reluctant to disclose their mental health issues for fear of rejection, detriment or avoidance by others (Turner, 2013). Grief and the grieving process is a common aspect of mental health this nerve pathways target interview is individuals who have lost their partner (Wolfelt, 2011). The goal is to domiciliate information and reassurance that their grieving is normal and necessary. The analysis of this pamphlet will include an examination of its layout appeal, content and prize of information, an assessment of the interpretation level and its appropriateness for the target audience, clarity, examples of health care promotion, usefulness, cultural sensitivity and competence, a long with helpful tips for self-care and health management.Layout AppealA first watch at this pamphlet shows a soothing but attractive picture of a dandelion in full seed. The background is a dense brick red/brown, with the dandelions depicted in light blue that lighten further to bright white in the center. The title is in white with the word Spouse enlarged. This certainly catches ones eye and clearly announces the target audience it intends. The interior of the pamphlet is all text but divided into titled sections of ii paragraphs each. The section titles could read separately from the rest of the content and still lend insight to the lecturer.For example, the first intravenous feeding section titles are as follows Acknowledge Your Loss, Allow Yourself to Mourn Recognize Your Grief is Unique, and Talk break Your Thoughts and Feelings. The background of the interior is white, the print in black, with the exception of the section titles, which are in blue ink. there are fa int pictures of dandelions on the interior, carrying over the cover design. Overall it is very pleasing and attractive. Content and pure tone of InformationThe content of this pamphlet was developed by Dr. Alan Wolfelt, Director of the Center for Loss and Life changeover and faculty at the University of Colorado Medical Schools Department of Family Medicine. Dr. Wolfelt haswritten extensively on the subject of grief and loss, as well as conducting classes in the subject. Each of the titled sections is dickens paragraphs and covers entirely one aspect of grief and loss. It can be read in one sitting or one section at a time. The information of the pamphlet covers the entire grieving process and offers reassurance, comfort, and empathy without world rigid most the grieving process. It allows an individual to take in as much as they can, and and so refer to the pamphlet as a reference.Reading Level/Appropriate Literacy LevelDelgado and Weitzel conclude in their study on literacy of lower-income urban adults that most participants had reading and comprehension levels at beginning high give instruction level (Delgado, 2013), and suggest that clients may have difficulty understanding the offered information. They recommend that printed information for the general common be written on a level to ensure comprehension by the target audience at the 8th to 9th grade level (Delgado, 2013). The content of this pamphlet flows nicely and was analyzed using two different reading level assessment tools ATOS (ATOS perspicacity, 2014) and SMOG (SMOG Assessment Overview, 2012).The ATOS scoring placed the content of the pamphlet at the 8th grade reading and comprehension level, with the SMOG scoring slightly higher at the 9th grade reading and comprehension level. Overall, the pamphlet meets the recommendations of Delgado and Weitzel, and should be readily understandable by most adults. As this pamphlet is targeted for adults who have experienced the death of a mate, t he pamphlet is entirely appropriate in reading and comprehension levels.ClarityThe target audience and intent of this pamphlet are clear from the first glance and onward. It contains concise and useful information and gentle guidance while stressing individuality. The content is written in sphere language and is easily understood. Each section has a title and addresses only what the title states, creating manageable bits of information. It does non overwhelm the reader.UsefulnessThis pamphlet provides much useful information on the grieving process. It gives examples of the types of emotions one mogul experience during griefand reassures the reader that each person grieves in their own way. It gives valuable information and reassurance without get preachy and patronizing. Different aspects of grief are explored and explained, and the reader is encouraged to embrace their grief, experience it and know that to strangle the grief and emotions accompanying it can be detrimental.Cul tural Sensitivity and CompetenceWhile the pamphlet does non address specific cultural differences, it does acknowledge that there are cultural differences exist. The author also encourages the reader to embrace their own cultural traditions pertaining the death, loss and grieving that will bring them and their families comfort.Helpful Tips for Self-Care and Health instructionMany helpful tips are offered in this pamphlet from acknowledging grief and mourning to finding support systems to transaction with the possessions of the deceased. The overall tone of the pamphlet is one of acceptance, reassurance, and comfort. It encourages the reader to be compassionate with oneself, to be open about the pain of loss and not to repress emotions. It also informs the reader that they will experience a simulacrum of emotions, sometimes within a short period of time, and that it is normal. This is a gentle and useful pamphlet that offers twain comfort and a guideline to aid a person through t he grief of the loss of their partner. reference bookATOS Assessment. (2014). Retrieved from Renaissance.com http//www.renaissance.com/Products.Accelerated-Reader/ATOS Delgado, C. &. (2013). Reading comprehension levels in a sample of urban, low-income persons. Health Education Journal 72(3), 345-350. SMOG Assessment Overview. (2012). Retrieved from Havard.edu http//www.cdnl.sph.harvard.edu/wp-content/uploads/sites/135/2012/09/pdfSMOGoverview Turner, R. N. (2013). Combating the mental health stigma with nostalgia. European Journal Of Social Psychology, 43(5), 413-422. Wolfelt, A. (2011). Helping yourself heal when your spouse dies. Fort Collins, CO Companion Press.

Philosophy Of Law Essay

Motive A motive is a state of being relating to wizs goals or circumstantial desires. One may possess a conscious or unconscious motive. For example, one may act out of jealousy but non be aw ar of the jealousy. Even if motives are determined to be conscious, they are considered involuntary feelings or desires. prototype A cigarette sliceufacturing have it away with plans to increase gelt done mediating the inns aim of producing items that are non-nicotine. Through making green cigarettes, they tend to theorize that the express cigarettes commit less nicotine, but would in veryity make the buyer feel to buy more than because they are not consuming nicotine anyway. As a result, buyers would receive the same amount of nicotine for a naughtyer amount of profit for the company, which is the main motive of the state marketing approach. Intention An one-on-ones spirit is a means to an end. In other words, an intention is a way of achieving a specific goal or desire. In dividuals are conscious of their intentions and may do them by voluntary acts. framework A parent aims to protect his or her child through self-aggrandising him the redress chance to know the right principles in life that they ought to apply through maturity. honor is concern with Intentions The legality is concerned with intention, but not with motive. Determinations about motives are hard to ascertain and very complex. Therefore, one sessnot be held li sufficient for a motive. They are involuntary port patterns. Requiring judges to determine penalties ground upon motives would deletion predictability and uniformity of justice. Given their voluntary character, the fair play punishes found upon intent. An individual can be held responsible for their intentions. suit A domestic helper accident each(prenominal)y killed her boss for the sake of self defense from a familiar assault from the said employer so she was pronounced not guilty by the royal court. question Regarding Responsibility Skepticism attacks the method of apportionment of responsibility for violations of right. Will the party be held personally responsible and if so, to what degree? Or depart society have to bear some of the responsibility for an individuals violative litigate? Skepticism is argued in cosmosy forms. Skepticism may be premised upon a theory of determinism, practicalism, techno crystallineism, and religion. congress homosexual A company aims to increase the quality of their products however, the cost of the manufacturing has been passed in huge percentage to the consumers. As a result, the buyers has toughened an issue that has a great impact on the capability of the company to receive larger profit for the business.Deterministic Skepticism Deterministic incredulity comes in a variety of degrees. In its most extreme, delimitatetled skepticism suggests that if one cannot help doing what they are doing, they should not be res ponsible for their actions. Other forms of deterministic skepticism are less drastic due to their belief that only a few persons are genuinely in a position where they cannot help what it is that they are doing. In the less extreme form, the inquiry focuses upon conclusion regarding ones ability to control ones actions. utilisation A kleptomaniac is ordinarily not held responsible for the things that he steals because of the fact that are considered psychologically disturbed.Practical Skepticism Practical skeptics will not inquire into the question of responsibility because of the quantify required for such an inquiry has an inefficient impact upon the justnessful system. Such inquiry is believed to be an inefficient distribution of scarce judicial resources. example A case against sexual assault has been dismissed by the court because of the lack of validateing evidences that proves that there is a documentary case to be lap upd.Technological Skepticism Technological skep ticism refuses to inquire into the question of responsibility, because its belief that the straight concern of the legal system is that of control over the public. In sum, effective social control does not include an inquiry regarding responsibility. utilisation A case with regards a particular state of affairs that involves an employee being disenable because of the machineries of the company has been dismissed due to the fact that the company already did its responsibility to the employee at the best of its cost. honourable Skepticism Moral skepticism also forbids inquiry into responsibility because the theory holds that it is inconsistent with enlightened cleanity to insist on individual responsibility for harm.Example A man that has been separated from his wife for basketball team years and has never been able to communicate with her now decides to marry another woman. He was permitted by his spectral affiliation to do so, on the introduction of the other partner being gu ilty of adultery and the march of divorce not being legal in the country. For this intellect the court honors the marriage as well. unappeasable Liability Strict indebtedness is another theory in the consideration of allocation of responsibility. Strict liability requires assessment of liability upon grounds of physical acts without regard to actual responsibility. The theory does not require a finding of intent to commit crime and therefore does not require resources for determination of intent. Proponents argue remuneration of strict liability to replace individual responsibility in its entirety. Strict liability agrees with the utilitarian opinion and represents a denial of individual liberties in favor of deterrence for public protection.Example An accidental position that ca employ the injury of an employee from a work area has been considered a null-case since the evidences show that the situation has occurred because of a mere accident and nobody could be blamed for it. FOUNDATIONS AND THEORIES OF LAWEternal and Divine virtue Eternal law recognizes the employment of a divine figure in the establishment of law. The numerous theories of eternal law suggest that law is created by the word of God, transmitted by prophet and sent to govern man. Recognition of eternal law is still found in Hebrew, Islamic and Babylonian law.Example The finis of the church to marry a man to five wives as an Islam is never touched by the law because it is a law establish from the beliefs of the people.Disadvantages of Eternal Law Eternal law requires faith in a divine being, of which there is no cosmopolitanly accepted figure. Eternal law also requires translation through a prophet who is not held liable for the rules since she interprets the word of God.Example immanent Law A system of rules and principles guiding human behavior found upon conduct common throughout all people. The laws and principles grow out of humanitys wise thoughts and conform to innate(p) ment al, moral, and physical states. Cardinal premise states that humanity acts upon judicious thoughts framed by our genuine nature to satisfy take and impulses without interference from deception, dishonesty, or indulgence.Example A woman was offered a high amount of money in exchange of dis bearing her companys established principles in treatment the people force so as to sabotage the operation of the business at the advantage of its enemy in the market. Her conscience did not permit her top do so, knowing that no matter how a great the great unwashed money is to be paid to her, she is sure to regret what she is going to do.Early Theories of vivid Law several(a) early theories of graphic law believed the concept was establish upon virtue, nature, former, and God.Example The society vividly accepts the things that has already been forget me drug by the natural systems of the earth and the ways by which they relate to human exits, such as occurrences and dilemmas natural e vent due to the climate change.Historical Natural Law found Upon Virtue Natural law based upon virtue can be governed by theories of good conduct or justice and reason. Typically, law dictates virginal duties of a person in all facets of their life. The duties generally demand fulfillment of particular social obligations and the rules may be considered divine in origin or from the ruler. Alternatively, the theory of virtue based upon justice and reason, demands decisions based upon an individuals sense of justice and reason. If a decision is prompted by anything other than justice or reason, the person has failed to live by the law of nature.Example People are expected to act towards the situation facing them through reasonable idealism of truth and principles. If a man is face up with adversity of poverty, he is expected to work on making possible amends to support his life through work and not stealing.Historical Natural Law base Upon Natural Justice Natural law based upon a theory of natural justice was developed by Aristotle and holds that laws are of both(prenominal) types universal and specific. frequent law is the law of nature and binding upon all people. Universal law does not change. In contrast, specific law is developed by the local community. It is developed by people and limited in its ascendence. item law is apt to change frequently.Example Once a person errs, the society despises sharing time with him or her until they know that he or she has already regretted the sin sincerely.Historical Natural Law Based Upon Reason Natural law based upon reason was developed by Cicero of Rome and establishes that law is premised upon reason in agreement with nature. Like Aristotles universal law, Cicero believes that natural law based upon reason is universal in its application and does not change. To alter this type of law would be considered a sin, and it cannot be repealed. It is a law which is eternal and unchanging and valid to all people at a ll times. This law was believed to be written by God.Example People pay in exchange of goods because it has been established through the old times of the biblical and human history that something is assumption in exchange of something taken.Historical Natural Law Based Upon Divine Intervention Natural law premised upon divinity was forwarded by St. doubting Thomas Aquinas during the thirteenth century. Saint Thomas classified law into 4 levels. The first level is divine law, not all of which is known to man. The second level is divine law known to man, called eternal law. From eternal law comes natural law, and from natural law comes human law.Example People are usually guarded in their decisions through the divine under rest that they have with regards the principles of God. These decisions are considered by the court as the basis of accepting the instauration of divine intervention.General Premise of Natural Law Based Upon Divine Intervention Saint Thomas general premise of natu ral law is founded upon a notion of goodness. Saint Thomas theory holds that grievous acts must be avoided and good acts accomplished. Generally, natural law applies to all people and prescribes that an individual act virtuously.Example People are expected to act upon situations based upon their understanding of the different principles of life that are considered as social norms, their decisions as per mentioned are naturally expected to be based on such moral beliefs.Criticisms of the Historical Theories of Natural Law Some of the criticisms of early natural law theory include 1) misery to distinguish between natural laws and normative laws, 2) man is removed from responsibility in moral decision making, 3) mans contribution to own civility is ignored and, 4) suspiciousness is unnecessarily placed in manmade structures.Example The judgment of humans with regards natural occurrences had been mistakenly related to the acts of abrupt human decisions.Historical Natural Law Lacks Di stinction Between Natural and Normative Law One of natural laws many criticisms is premised upon a lack of distinction between natural and normative law. Natural law exists at certain levels in man and in nature whereas normative law, crafted by man, does not exist in the world of nature. Natural law, much like nature, exists upon its own terms with no sense of morality. Natural law is fashioned from a factual and a regular existence whereas normative law is comprised of human morality.Example Same-sex marriage had not been accepted by the law before, however, just lately, it has been widely accepted by both(prenominal) the church and the law because of the changing levels of social and moral law in the human community.Historical Natural Law did not Assign Responsibility for Moral Decisions Natural law forwards the proposition that nature makes the selection between cardinal possible and competing moral values. Realistically, the decision between competing values is made by man an d not by nature. Therefore man must assume responsibility for selecting between two values and he should not ascribe the choice to nature.Example Love has been noted by close to all(prenominal)one as a basis of all existing law. However, if it has been the basis of committed crime, love is then situated aside to judge the situation as to how it has affected the lives of others involved in the matter.Historical Natural Law Ignores Mans Contribution to Own Civility Natural law does not consider mans ethical and moral development, apart from that development which occurs through application of natural law. This premise ignores the enormousness of mans contribution to his own development. Those opposing natural law believe man has more than a passive role in his ethical and moral development and should be given character for such contributions.Example Although humans have already created possible ways to develop their own lives, natural law suggests that the developments are still based from the natural ways of the environment and not on the sodding(a) intellect of humans.Historical Natural Law Promotes Distrust in Man Made Structures Natural law promotes distrust in man made structure. Natural law considers everything created by man to be singular and inconsistent with prior structures. Opponents of natural law will argue that the existence of normative standards created by man govern his sense of judgement in a consistent fashion. Illustration of normative standards includes world religions.Example Natural systems are considered perfect and sustaining. It is this reasoning that would actually break down the causes behind the social distrust upon the manmade structures that are not likely following the systems of nature in sustenance and structural existence.Justification for penalization Based Upon Retribution Retribution is often cited as a justification for imposition of penalty for iniquitous action. Retribution is most commonly associated with a th eory of fairness. One should be punished as a result of ones blameworthiness in committing an illegal act. The beneficiaries of the punishment will be the society at large.Example An alleged terrorist upon investigation is judged as guilty and is kept in custody of the authority so as to protect the values of the greater number of human population.Justification for Punishment Based Upon Deterrence Punishment has been justified upon the basis of deterrence. The theory holds that punishment deters illegal activity in two fashions. First, an individual may be deterred from committing a crime after considering punishment of a prior criminal. Second, the arrogate offender may be deterred from committing crime as a result of prior punishment. The beneficiaries of the punishment will be the society at large.Example A prisoner not showing change is usually asked to rehabilitate so as to help him in not repeating his act and the other by being victimized by the said act.Justification for Pu nishment Based Upon Reformation Punishment has been based upon a theory of reformation of the individuals character, thereby allowing subsequent participation in society. The beneficiaries of punishment under a theory of reformation will be society at large and the individual criminal.Example Reforming criminal offenders especially the juvenile population is a regular practice that is applied by the government. This aims to help reaffirm the situation of the offender in a better status in the society, consequently becoming a better person t the same time. DEFINITIONSJurisprudence Jurisprudence is comprised of two definitions relevant to the study of law. First, in the legal tradition of the United States and England, jurisprudence pertains to legal philosophy. Secondly, other European countries abduce to jurisprudence as the collection of decisions of a particular court. Opinionated Definition A person looses the real understanding of the jurisprudence of law when he becomes less able to understand the law due to raise and anxiety that increases the chances of moving violently against other people in the society. Likely, jurisprudence is returned to one when he is able to receive the rightful judgment he deserves from the authorities of law. Example A jury decides to dismiss a case because of being highly moved for the reasons of the accuse of why he did the crime. It turned out that he had no choice but to do it for the sake of protecting the ones he loved. The court was less powerful in this case as the majority of the jury as well as the people in the court the public all attested to one plausible fact that the pronounce did it for a deep and logical reason. Justice The definition of justice depends upon which definition of jurisprudence is under consideration. By the American and English definition, justice means, the constant and perpetual disposition of legal matters or disputes rendering every man his due1. But a broader definition of justice in cludes, a moral or absolute worth and upholding what is fair and just2. Opinionated Definition Justice is applied as a normalizing factor among the differences of the people on the world. It sets the differences of the people in an equalizing their ideas and opinions with regard law and such things. Hence, justice is a regular matter that demand to be applied in the society always. A person then is supposed to be continuously considering justice towards himself and towards others as part of his moral responsibility to the society. Example Wal-Mart employees claim that they are being unfairly treated by their organization. As they continue to serve the company, they are also constantly apprehended by their union to continue fighting for the justice that they deserve as the force increasing the profit of the company every year.Natural State of Man A state or condition whereby man reacts jibe to his natural impulses and not as a result of such stimulus as fraud, deceit, or misrepre sentations. The natural state of man is developed in the theory of Natural Law. Opinionated Definition Conscience is a natural way by which humans understand the natural law of life, the impulses of humans with regards right and impose on _or_ oppress is a strong implication of the reality of the existence of natural law. This is the section of the law that actually designs the basis of the right and wrong within the modern human law today. Example A man was faced with great adversity of being homeless. He along with his family needed somewhere else to stay other than the streets so the man decided to search any possible area that he and his family could live for while. Out of need, the man saw a deserted base that nearly looked destroyed, still he managed to bring his family there and live there. After a few years, he was able to improve the house.Later on the owner of the house shows up and claims that the house has been stolen from him. The man attests that it was already deser ted when he saw it and looked as if nobody already owned it. The man agrees to pay the price of the lot for possession, but the owner refuses to take the offer, instead he wants them to get out of the area. The man refuses the same way and a court hearing was set to solve the issue.Logic The science of reasoning, or the operations of understanding which are subservient to the estimation of the evidence. The term includes both the process of proceeding from known truths to unknown, and all other intellectual operations3.Opinionated Definition Logic is used by everyone wanting to understand the regularities of life. Every individual utilizing it actually makes a purposeful understanding of the things contingency to him and to the environment that he is living in. with logics existence, people are given the chance to reason out as to why they have done things in their past and how those experiences affect their present lives today. Example Not everything has been explained to a defe ndant when he was talked to by his lawyer because the session hearing has already begun. However, through looking at the faces of the people in the court, logic tells him that there is something that will happen ones the new regain is set for questioning.Prerogative An exclusive or peculiar right or privilege. A special power, privilege, immunity, or right vested in an official person, either generally, or in respect to the things of his office, or in an official body, as a court or legislature.4Opinionated definition Each person believes to have his own prerogative in life. Using it as a basis of his decisions actually makes his life more meaningful and successful as he uses the power he has to support the wants and the needs he is expected to support in his life today. Example The NEDA Secretary of the Philippines, Romulo Neri refuses to speak on the depth of the case on the XTE-NBN deal as he is protected by the executive privilege law stating that he can moderate things as lon g as he believes he has already said what he needed to say at the senate.Property Law Property law defines the borders of our legally rightful possessions, the nature and scope of those things we can take rightful title to. It is also used to describe the exclusive right of possessing, enjoying, and disposing of a thing5. It is the highest right a man can have in an object.Opinionated Definition Every person is given the rightful authority over his belongings. This is the primary basis of the property law which draws the line of the limitations and extent of ones properties. Such law serves as a guideline to ones understanding of the things that unfeignedly belong to him. Example A number of people ought to say that the place where their scanty homes are standing is their own as community as it is already a public property, therefore they refuse to quash when a public project has been passed on to be built in their area. They point out that they have already worked hard for the d evelopment of the said area and they deserve to be paid for what they have done. On the other hand, the businessmen attest that they already own the area as they already bought it, meaning that they could already do anything that they would want onto it.Ratio Decidendi The ground or reason for reaching a decision. The point in a case which determines the judgment6.Opinionated Definition Rational understanding of situations is likely much related to ones logical reasoning over a certain thought that explains a situation as it happens. Being rational about things makes one more capable of seeing the two sides of the coin or the positive and detrimental aspects of an occurrence. Being rational too helps a person to become more understanding of things as they come barging in to ones lifetime using such occurrences as great opportunities for change and development. Example Wal-Mart finally decided to face their issues with their employees. They tried to come up with the useful process of meeting the needs of their employees as they also meet the standards of the business. Likely though, after a year, the union decided to continue the cases against Wal-Mart as they believe that their values were not served well even after the agreement.Rhetoric The art of effective cheek and the persuasive use of language.7Opinionated Definition Ones capability of using language as a major source of expression of thoughts is a gift. However, a more persuasive pattern used by politicians and other certain personalities in the society today in an aim of influencing others is actually a more complex manner of using words for the sake of attracting people to take notice of the thoughts of the said individuals for consideration. Example The politicians today use rhetorical speeches to be able to help the people understand their propagandas set for the betterment of the society as per proposed by the said individuals during campaign.1 Blacks Law Dictionary, sixth Edition, 1990.2 The Am erican hereditary pattern Dictionary, 2nd edition, 1983.3 Blacks Law Dictionary, 6th Edition, 1990.4 Blacks Law Dictionary, 6th Edition, 1990.5 Blacks Law Dictionary, 6th Edition, 1990.6 Blacks Law Dictionary, 6th Edition, 1990.7 The American Heritage Dictionary, 2nd edition, 1983.