Profile of Serial Killer Tommy Lynn Sells

Tommy Lynn Sells was a serial killer who claimed responsibility for over 70 murders across the U.S., earning him the nickname Coast to Coast Killer. Sells  pleaded guilty to just two murders, but that  was enough to land him on Texas death row. He was executed in 2014. Tip of the Iceberg On Dec. 31, 1999, 10-year-old Krystal Surles was staying at the house of a friend, Kaylene Katy Harris, 13, when a man entered the bedroom where the girls were sleeping. The man grabbed Katy and slashed her throat, killing her. He then slashed Krystals throat and she dropped to the floor, pretending to be dead. She stayed still until she could escape and get help from a neighbor, thinking everyone in the house had been killed. Krystal provided enough detail for a forensic artist to create a sketch  that eventually led to the arrest of Tommy Lynn Sells. It turned out Sells knew Terry Harris, Katys adoptive father. She was his intended victim that night. Sells was arrested days later, on January 2, 2000, at the trailer where he lived with his wife and her four children. He did not resist or even ask why he was being arrested. Sells later confessed to killing Katy and attacking Krystal, but that was the tip of the iceberg. During the following months, Sells admitted to killing multiple men, women, and children in several states across the country. Childhood Years Sells and his twin sister, Tammy Jean, were born in Oakland, California, on June 28, 1964. His mother, Nina Sells, was a single mother with three other children when the twins were born. The family moved to St. Louis, Missouri, and at 18 months old, both twins contracted spinal meningitis, which killed Tammy Jean. Tommy survived. Soon after his recuperation, Sells was sent to live with his aunt, Bonnie Walpole, in Holcomb, Missouri. He stayed there until age 5, when he returned to live with his mother after she discovered that Walpole was interested in adopting him.   Throughout his early childhood years, Sells was left  mostly to fend for himself. He rarely attended school and by age 7 was drinking alcohol. Childhood Trauma Around this time, Sells  began hanging around with a man from a nearby town. The man showed him a lot of  attention in the form of gifts and frequent outings. On several occasions, Sells spent the night at the mans home. Later, this man was found guilty of child molestation,  which came as no surprise to Sells, who had been one of his victims since he was 8. From ages 10 to 13, Sells showed a knack for staying in trouble. By 10, he had stopped attending school, preferring to smoke pot and drink alcohol. When he was 13,  he climbed naked into his grandmothers bed. This was the last straw for Tommys mother. Within days, she took his siblings and left Tommy alone, leaving not so much as a forwarding address. Carnage Begins Filled with rage after his abandonment, the teenage Sells attacked his first female victim by pistol-whipping her until she was unconscious. With no home and no family, Sells began drifting from town to town, picking up odd jobs and stealing what he needed. Sells later claimed he committed his first murder at age 16, after breaking into a home and killing a man inside who was  performing oral sex on a young boy. There was never any proof to back up his claim. Sells also claimed to have shot and killed a man named John Cade Sr. in July 1979, after Cade caught him burglarizing his home. Bad Reunion In May 1981, Sells went to Little Rock, Arkansas, and moved back in with his family. The reunion was short-lived. Nina Sells told him to leave after he  attempted to have sex  with her while she was taking a shower. Back on the streets, Sells returned to what he knew best: robbing, killing, working as a carnival roustabout, and hopping trains between cities. He later confessed to killing two people in Arkansas before heading to St. Louis in 1983. Only one of the murders, that of Hal Akins, was confirmed. Transient Serial Killing In May 1984 Sills was convicted of car theft and given a two-year prison sentence. He  was released  the following February but failed to follow the terms of his  probation. While in Missouri, Sells started working at a county fair in Forsyth, where he met Ena Cordt, 35, and her son. Sells later admitted to killing them. According to Sells,  Cordt  invited him back to her house, but when he caught her  going through his knapsack, he beat her to death with a baseball bat. He then did the same to the only witness of the crime, 4-year-old Rory. Their bodies were found three days later. By September 1984, Sells was back in jail for drunk driving after crashing his car. He stayed in jail until May 16, 1986. Back in St. Louis, Sells claimed  he shot a stranger in self-defense. He then headed to Aransas Pass, Texas, where he was hospitalized for an  overdose of heroin. Once out of the hospital, he stole a car and headed to Fremont, California. While in Freemont, investigators believe he was responsible for the death of Jennifer Duey, 20, who was shot. They also believe he murdered Michelle Xavier, 19, who was found with her throat cut. In October 1987, Sells was living in Winnemucca, Nevada, with 20-year-old Stefanie Stroh. Sells confessed to drugging Stroh with LSD, then strangling her and disposing of her body by weighing her feet with concrete and putting her into a hot spring in the desert. This crime was never confirmed. Sells said he left Winnemucca on November 3 and headed east. In October 1987, he  confessed to murdering Suzanne Korcz, 27, in Amherst, New York. Helping Hand Keith Dardeen was the next known victim who tried to befriend Sells. He spotted Sells hitchhiking in Ina, Illinois, and offered him a hot meal at his home. In return, Sells shot  Dardeen,  then mutilated his penis. Next, he murdered  Dardeens  3-year-old son, Pete, by bludgeoning him with a hammer, then turned his rage on  Dardeens  pregnant wife, Elaine, whom he attempted to rape. The attack caused Elaine to go into labor, and she gave birth to her daughter. Neither mother nor daughter survived. Sells beat both of them to death with a bat. He then inserted the bat into Elaines vagina, tucked the children and the mother into bed, and left. The  crime went unsolved  for 12 years until Sells confessed. Julie Rae Harper In 2002, crime writer Diane Fanning began corresponding with Sells as he awaited execution in Texas. In one of his letters to Fanning, Sells confessed to the murder of 10-year-old Joel Kirkpatrick. Joels mother, Julie Rae Harper, had been found guilty of his murder and was in prison. Sells told Fanning in a later interview that Harper had been rude to him at a convenience store, so to get back at her he followed her home and murdered the boy. The confession,  along with Fannings testimony at a prison review board and help from the Innocence Project, resulted in a new trial for Harper that ended in acquittal. Coast to Coast For 20 years Sells was a transient serial killer who managed to  stay under the radar  as he roamed the country, killing and raping victims of all ages. During his confessions, he took on the nickname Coast to Coast when describing the murders he had committed one month in California and the next month in Texas. Based on Sells confessions throughout the years, the following timetable can be pieced together, though not all his claims have been proved: December 1988, Tucson, Arizona: Kills  Ken Lauten over a bad drug deal.December-January 1988, Salt Lake City, Utah:  Murders an unknown woman and her 3-year-old son, disposing of their bodies in the Snake River in Idaho.January 1988,  Ã‚  Ina, Illinois: After murdering the Dardeen family, is arrested for stealing a car. He takes off before his scheduled court appearance.January 1988, Lawrence, Massachusetts: Rapes and murders Melissa Trembly, 11.January 27, 1989,  Truckee, California: Kills an unnamed  prostitute  and disposes of her body; an unidentified womans body was found at the location he gave police.April 1989, Roseburg, Oregon: Kills  an unnamed woman in her 20s.May  9, 1989, Roseburg: Kills  a female hitchhiker.May  9, 1989,  Roseburg: Is arrested  for stealing from his employer; spends 15 days in jail.August 16, 1989, North Little Rock, Arkansas: Is arrested  on theft charges.October 18, 1989, Oakland, California: Is charged  with public drunken ness and put into detox.November 1989, Carson City, Nevada: Is charged with public drunkenness.December 1989, Phoenix, Arizona: Is hospitalized  for a heroin overdose.January  7, 1990, Salt Lake City, Utah: Is arrested on charges of  cocaine possession but released after police determined that he was not in possession of drugs.January 12, 1990, Rawlings, Wyoming: Is arrested and sent to prison for auto theft; released in January 1991.December 1991, Marianna, Florida: Kills  Teresa Hall, 28, and her 5-year-old daughter.March-April 1992, Charleston, South Carolina: Is arrested  for  public drunkenness.May 13, 1992, Charleston, West Virginia: Is imprisoned  for raping, beating, and stabbing a 20-year-old woman who survived the attack; sentenced to two 10-year prison terms and  released in May 1997.October 13, 1997,  Lawrenceville, Illinois: Attacks  Julie Rea Harper and stabs 10-year-old Joel Kirkpatrick to death.October 1997,  Springfield, Missouri: Kidnaps, rape s, and strangles to death 13-year-old Stephanie Mahaney.October 1998, Del Rio, Texas: Marries  a woman with three children; the couple is separated for two weeks in February 1999 and again in late March.March 30, 1999,  Del Rio: Rapes  and murders Debbie Harris, 28, and Ambria Harris, 8.April 18, 1999,  San Antonio, Texas: Rapes  and strangles Mary Perez, 9.May 13, 1999, Lexington, Kentucky: Rapes  and murders Haley McHone, 13, then sells her bicycle for $20.Mid-May-June 24, 1999,  Madison, Wisconsin: Is jailed for drunk and  disorderly conduct.July  3, 1999, Kingfisher, Oklahoma: Shoots and kills  Bobbie Lynn Wofford, 14.December 31, 1999, Del Rio, Texas: Murders Katy Harris,13, and attempts to murder Krystal Surles, 10; his final murder. Trials and Sentencings On September 18, 2000, Sells pleaded guilty and was convicted of the capital murder of Katy Harris and attempted murder of Krystal Surles. He was sentenced to death. On September 17, 2003, Sells was indicted but never tried for the 1997 Greene County, Missouri, murder of Stephanie Mahaney. That same year, Sells pleaded guilty to strangling to death 9-year-old Mary Bea Perez of San Antonio, for which he received a life sentence. Sells was executed  by lethal injection in the Allan B. Polunsky Unit near West Livingston, Texas, on April 3, 2014, at 6:27 p.m. CST. He declined to make a final statement. Sources Tommy Lynn Sells. Clarkprosecutor.org.Engle, Scott. Murder Case Reopened on Executed Killer. Montgomery County Police Reporter.

Violence on Tv - 1852 Words

Violence on TV Most people in our society generally have the opinion that violence on television increases aggression in children and adolescents. Does it ? Who is to say whether television has a positively direct effect or a positive correlation ? However, the majority of the people who have researched this topic have discovered that violence on television is indeed one of the prime factors contributing to the increase in violent and aggressive behavior among the youth in society. That is to say there has been a growth of strong evidence to suggest that television violence does play an important and contributory part in the learning of aggression.[1] In other words, violence in the media helps promote and encourage children and†¦show more content†¦For example, one of the most well know studies of modeling aggressive behavior and to determine if children imitate violent acts observed on television is an experiment done by Albert Bandura, Dorothea Ross and Sheila A. Ross. To test t heir hypothesis, the subjects were divided into three experimental groups and one control group. One group observed real-life aggression, the second group observed the same models but on film and the third group watched an aggressive cartoon. The groups were also subdivided into male and female subjects so that half the subjects were exposed to the same sex models, while the other half viewed model of the opposite sex. After the subjects were exposed to aggression, they were tested for the amount of imitation and non-imitation aggression. As a result, the boys were significantly more aggressive than the girls. Gender was also positively correlated with imitative aggression and the subjects tended to imitate the same sex models more than the opposite sex. 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Battle Of Ap Bac Essay Example For Students

Battle Of Ap Bac Essay BATTLE OF AP BACOn July 7, 1954 Bao Dai, president of Vietnam appointed Ding Diem as Prime Minister. Dai was a pro French president who did not have communist beliefs for Vietnam. Diem was man who refused French rule and favored American ideas. He was a Roman Catholic, thus causing him to be an opponent of communism as well. He also maintained a link to the CIA through Colonel Edward Lansdale, renowned expert on counterinsurgency. In April 1955 Diem launched an offensive against his main rivals in the south (Coa Dai and Hoa Hoa sects well as the powerful Binh Xuyen pirates) and declared himself president. Since the south was a mainly Buddhist and Diem was Catholic, it caused him to be isolated from the people. His fear of a coup and obsession with power caused him to distrust all, but his own family. Between Diem and his family there was a spread of corruption throughout the country. By the late 1950s South Vietnam had degenerated into repressive, undemocratic state, which left its people angry and isolated. 1957 sparked the first sign of trouble as guerillas launch attacks on government agencies in rural areas. It was believed that the Vietnamese Communist launched the attacks; also know as the Viet Cong (VC), who was of the Viet Ming party that stayed behind. They had gone under ground a few years earlier in 1954. They gained the support of North Vietnam and in 1959 began a policy to reunify Vietnam with a large-scale infiltration of armed cadres into the south along the Ho Chi Man Trail. Due to the resentment caused by Diem, a substantial part of South Vietnam was taken over by the communist (VC). The US, under the leadership of President John F. Kennedy, was convinced that the insurgency in South Vietnam was part of a Sino-Soviet campaign to ensure the spread of Communism. The US government sent aid to South Vietnam in the form of US supplied M-113 armored personnel carriers, helicopters, aircraft along with pilots and mechanics to train South Vietnamese personnel on their use. Also US Special Forces (green berets) and Army advisors were deployed to boost the capability of the Army of the Republic of Vietnam (ARVN). At the end of 1961, about 3,160 US service personnel were in Vietnam. The number would rise to about 16,000 two years later. Even the advantages of US military technology and advisors to South Vietnam, after a short time the VC learned to operate around them. This was due to the AVRN unit commanders, many of who were just political appointees, lacked resolve. Thus allowing the VC to escape instead of risking heavy AVRN casualties. The VC was engaging in new techniques ranging from the relocation of villagers to more fortified areas to use of air and artillery strikes in rural areas. This resulted in more alienation of the people from Diems cause, ultimately leading to the peasant class assisting the VC. January 2, 1963 the AVRN 7th Division was ordered to destroy a VC in the hamlet (AP) of Tan Thoi. The plan was for AVRN infantry to be landed by helicopter to the north of the hamlet, while two Civil Guard battalions supported by a company of M-113s approached from the south through the neighboring hamlet of Bac. Originally it was believed that the transmitter was guarded by an estimate of 120 VC. In reality it was guarded by about 360. The AVRN attack went wrong from the very start. After the infantry had landed at 0703 hrs, it was discovered that the weather was not good enough for any more helicopter operations, due to a thick ground fog. Further operations had to post-poned until 0930 hrs. The first clash occurred at 0745 where the Civil Guard blundered into the VC section across their route. .u430d124e9d2fd1e87f39bf009d383b94 , .u430d124e9d2fd1e87f39bf009d383b94 .postImageUrl , .u430d124e9d2fd1e87f39bf009d383b94 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u430d124e9d2fd1e87f39bf009d383b94 , .u430d124e9d2fd1e87f39bf009d383b94:hover , .u430d124e9d2fd1e87f39bf009d383b94:visited , .u430d124e9d2fd1e87f39bf009d383b94:active { border:0!important; } .u430d124e9d2fd1e87f39bf009d383b94 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u430d124e9d2fd1e87f39bf009d383b94 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u430d124e9d2fd1e87f39bf009d383b94:active , .u430d124e9d2fd1e87f39bf009d383b94:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u430d124e9d2fd1e87f39bf009d383b94 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u430d124e9d2fd1e87f39bf009d383b94 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u430d124e9d2fd1e87f39bf009d383b94 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u430d124e9d2fd1e87f39bf009d383b94 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u430d124e9d2fd1e87f39bf009d383b94:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u430d124e9d2fd1e87f39bf009d383b94 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u430d124e9d2fd1e87f39bf009d383b94 .u430d124e9d2fd1e87f39bf009d383b94-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u430d124e9d2fd1e87f39bf009d383b94:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: The Necklace: A Closer Look at Character Essay After the loss of their company commander the South Vietnamese Army went to the ground and called for much needed reinforcements. Helicopters were landed 300 yards west of Bac and were supported by UH-1 gunships. It is said that US pilots landed 200 yards from the hamlet into a VC ambush. As they came in at about 1020 hrs they were hit by machinegun and rifle fire from hidden foxholes. One of the CH-21 was shot down and another came in to recover the aircrew. That helicopter and a UH-1 met a similar fate. The infantry on board took cover in the paddy dikes. A call was made to the commander of the M-113s ordering him to suggest an immediate advance on Bac, but the APCs were away to the west beyond a series of canals. Some ARVN unit commanders had initially refused to move. It was not until 1300 until the first APCs reached the battle area. At 1430 hrs they charged the VC held positions, but the VC held their ground using grenades to hold off the vehicles. An airborne division was to the made available to the ARVN but were ordered the east of Bac to cut off the retreat of the VC. The VC was resourceful enough to wait until nightfall to slip away into the darkness leaving only 18 dead behind. America suffered only 3 fatalities, but the AVRN suffered over 80 due to the indecisiveness of their leaders. Later after much conflict in South Vietnam, a coup was plotted and carried out against Diem. He was assassinated due to his oppressive nature against the Buddhist religion. America at this point could not back out of the conflict and was committed by November 1, 1963. BATTLE OF AP BACAmerican History Essays

The Stroop Phenomenon Essays - Neuropsychology, Perception

The Stroop Phenomenon Introduction The stroop phenomenon is a way of measuring how automatic or intentional some well practised tasks are and how we respond in conflict situations. This phenomenon also measures individual distinctions, originality and cognitive flexibility. The two aspects of cognitive development that are demonstrated by the stroop task are naming response and counting response. When two responses compete or are in conflict, the time required to make the correct decision is dependent on speed and accuracy. In the article "Tracing The Time Course of Picture Word Processing", by M.C. Smith and L.E. Magee; these two researchers found that picture naming was affected by the presence of incongruent words (Experiment 1). Also naming a picture was faster than when a congruent word was present. Therefore pictures activate the name code. Another experiment (Experiment 2) indicated that memory for pictures and words, whether they were initially named or categorized had an effect on memory. Memory was better for words if they have been categorized and for pictures if they have been named. Experiment 3 showed the same results as the previous two experiments. The fourth experiment, with the introduction of less common objects, subjects could name the words faster than generating a category name for the words. Naming pictures are prone to interference when incongruent words are presented simultaneously. Word naming is not as much influenced by distracting pictures. Pictures and words differ in the amount of information to be filtered out, to get the correct response. The design of this experiment is a within subject experiment as the number of choices to be made after viewing the stimulus on the screen are same for everybody (2,3,4). Also the meaning versus number choices (same, different, conflicting) are used by everyone. The dependent variables in this experiment are average accuracy (%) and average time/response (msec). the independent variable is the random stimulus which appeared on the screen, whether it was the same, different or conflicting. In this experiment we were shown 2, 3, or 4 items on the screen in a randomized form and had to select the right number of items using 2,3,4 on the keyboard as quickly and accurately as possible. In this experiment, the stroop task will be demonstrated. When there is no conflict between the stimulus and response to be chosen, responses will be quick and accurate. When there is a conflict between the stimulus and response to be made, interference will exist and responding will be slower and less accurate. Results & Discussion Figure 1 The average accuracy in percent for subject 1, was good for the 'same' condition. Then they started to decrease when the stimulus was 'different'. This score for subject 1 at the 'different' condition was the lowest among all 3 conditions. When the stimulus was 'conflicting', subject 1 was losing accuracy again and so was not as high as in the 'same' condition. Subject 1 was less accurate in the 'different' and 'conflicting' situations. The average accuracy in percent for subject 2, was quite consistent, being one hundred percent in all conditions. So this subject had a higher accuracy rate than subject 1. Figure 2 In relation to average time/response in milliseconds, subject 1 was quicker than subject 2. Then condition where subject 1 slowed down the most was in the 'different' condition. In the 'conflicting' condition, subject 1 increased their speed more than in any other condition. Subject 2 was quite consistent in all 3 conditions in relation to average time/response, with the milliseconds being only 3 or 4 different from the other conditions. For subject 2 the highest responding rate was in the 'conflicting' condition, followed by 'same', then the 'different' condition. This shows that in the 'conflicting' condition, the subjects response rate increased. In the 'different' condition the response decreased. Also if one subject has a higher accuracy rate than another subject, then the average time/response will be lower. The stroop task demonstrates that the naming response (same) is faster than the response used while counting (different) and that when 2 responses conflict (conflicting), the time to make a correct decision increases. Since people find the 'conflict' condition difficult, they will make more errors and take more time to determine the correct response. So the accuracy and response rate decreases in the 'conflict' situation. The difference in speed and accuracy in the 3 conditions (same, different, and conflicting) was the result of the experience with each specific condition. The more practice with each condition, the smaller the differences in speed and accuracy among the three conditions. When there